| 有机质提升对酸性红壤氮循环功能基因及功能微生物的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1801 全文点击 787 投稿时间：2019-11-02 修订日期：2019-12-05 |
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| 中文关键词 氮循环 宏基因组学 功能基因 长期施肥 有机质 酸性土壤 |
| 英文关键词 nitrogen cycle metagenomics functional genes long-term fertilization organic matter acidic soil |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 储成 | 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023 | cc2096@163.com | | 吴赵越 | 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023 | | | 黄欠如 | 江西省红壤研究所, 南昌 331717 | | | 韩成 | 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023
江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 南京 210023 | | | 钟文辉 | 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023
江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 南京 210023 | zhongwenhui@njnu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 外源有机物质输入是提升酸性红壤有机质含量的主要方式，氮素是土壤肥力的重要限制因子.有机质提升后土壤生态系统的变化会影响土壤氮循环过程及功能微生物，但目前还未见报道.本研究选择长期施有机肥的酸性旱地红壤及不施肥对照土壤作为研究材料，基于宏基因组测序及氮循环功能基因数据库比对，研究32 a的连续有机物质输入导致的土壤有机质含量上升对酸性红壤氮循环功能基因及相关功能微生物的影响.结果表明，酸性红壤有机质提升显著增加了土壤总有机碳和总氮含量，缓解了土壤酸化.有机质提升增加了土壤净硝化活性和氨氧化潜势.有机质提升显著增长了编码古菌氨单加氧酶amoA基因和反硝化过程还原酶的功能基因nar、nap、nir、nor和nos的丰度，降低了编码羟胺氧化酶hao基因及执行硝酸盐异化还原成铵过程的功能基因nrf的丰度，提升了有机氮代谢功能基因glnA、gdh、glsA、ansB和nao丰度，改变了硝酸盐同化过程功能基因丰度以及硝化过程功能微生物群落组成.有机质提升后土壤酸化的缓解和总有机碳含量的提升是影响氮循环各过程功能基因丰度及功能微生物组成的最主要因子.本研究全面研究了无机氮和有机氮循环功能基因，关联了氨氧化过程的功能基因、功能微生物类群和功能活性，可为把握酸性红壤氮循环特征提供数据依据，也可为酸性土壤改良提供思路. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The application of exogenous organic matter is considered the main method of increasing the organic matter content of acidic red soils. Nitrogen is an important limiting factor for soil fertility. Changes to the soil ecosystem under organic matter promotion can affect soil nitrogen cycling and related functional microorganisms; however, there have been no studies on this aspect. Acidic upland red soils, with or without long-term organic fertilizer application, were chosen as the research materials in this study. Based on metagenomic sequencing and alignment in the nitrogen-cycling gene database, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of organic matter promotion on nitrogen-cycling genes and functional microorganisms in acidic red soils, which had been amended with exogenous organic matter for 32 years. The results showed that organic matter promotion in acidic soils increased the total organic carbon and total nitrogen content, and alleviated soil acidification. Organic matter promotion increased the soil net nitrification activity and potential for ammoxidation. Organic matter promotion increased the abundance of amoA genes (encoding ammonia monooxygenase) and nar, nap, nir, nor, and nos genes (encoding denitrification reductase); decreased the abundance of hao genes (encoding hydroxylamine oxidase) and nrf genes related to the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia; increased the abundance of glnA, gdh, glsA, ansB, and nao genes related to organic nitrogen metabolism; altered the abundance of functional genes related to assimilatory nitrate reduction; and changed the community composition of nitrogen-cycling microorganisms. After organic matter promotion, alleviation of soil acidification and enhancement of total organic carbon were the most important factors that affected the abundance of nitrogen-cycling genes and the community composition of functional microorganisms. Our results comprehensively investigated the inorganic and organic nitrogen-cycling genes, and correlated the functional genes, microbial populations, and functional activities in the ammonia oxidizing process, which provided supporting data to understand the nitrogen-cycling characteristics of acidic red soils and provided ideas for acidic soil improvement. |
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