| 基于地-空观测数据的粤港澳大湾区大气污染调查及时空演变特征 |
| 摘要点击 1583 全文点击 693 投稿时间：2019-06-30 修订日期：2019-12-06 |
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| 中文关键词 粤港澳大湾区 大气污染 时空特征 演变态势 调查 |
| 英文关键词 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area air pollution spatio-temporal characteristics evolution investigation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了构建美好生态和人居环境，对粤港澳大湾区大气污染有准确充分了解，对大湾区大气污染状况开展深入调查.基于2014年6月至2018年12月的地面环境观测数据和2000~2018年卫星遥感反演产品，从不同的时间尺度和不同空间上分析大湾区大气污染的时空分布特征、演变态势和潜在气候效应.结果表明：①从站点观测的PM2.5日均值浓度看，每年在1、2和10~12月出现良好或者轻、中度污染情形，其余时间为优级；②基于卫星近20 a年平均PM2.5浓度空间分布特征，呈现出以广州和佛山为中心向外辐射特征.时间演变上大体呈现出Ω形态特征，从2000年开始逐渐增加，2008年最高，之后逐渐降低；③基于MISR卫星每隔10 a的月平均AOT数据看月度变化特征，第一时间段（2000~2009年）的AOT月均值大于第二时间段（2010~2018年）同月，最大值在3、4月，最小值在11、12月.设想沿珠江口岸南北向划一条线，AOT值呈现出西部大于东部的基本空间分布特征；④从站点观测的O3-8h日均值浓度数据看，大湾区O3-8h的浓度主体为优级，2014年出现臭氧浓度为良好级别的城市最多，有5个城市，2018年最少，有1个城市.臭氧浓度为良好级别最多的月份在9月，其次为6月和11月，再次为5月和7月.近20 a卫星遥感监测的O3月平均浓度时空分布也呈现出Ω形的先扬后抑特征，最大值在5月，空间上出现南北分界线的特征；⑤月平均气温年际变化与辐射之间存在较好的线性关系，而AOT与辐射之间不能用简单的线性关系描述. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, evolution trend and potential climatic effects of air pollution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) were analyzed on different time scales and spatial spaces, based on ground environment observation data from June 2014 to December 2018 and satellite remote sensing inversion products from 2000 to 2018. The results show that:① From the in-situ observed daily average concentration of PM2.5, good or mild to moderate pollution occurred in January, February, October, November, and December every year, and the rest of the time was excellent. ② Based on the annual average PM2.5 concentration obtained by satellite for the past 20 years, the spatial characteristics showed that the external radiation is centered on Guangzhou and Foshan. The time evolution shows the characteristics of an Ω shape, which increases gradually from 2000 to 2009, is highest in 2008, and then gradually decreases. ③ The monthly average aerosol optical thickness (AOT) value from the Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer satellite reversion every 10 years for a period (2000-2009 for a period, 2010-2018 for a period) was used to see the monthly variation. The monthly average AOT value in the first period was larger than that in the second period of the same month, the maximum value was in March and April, and the minimum value was in November and December. It is envisaged to draw a line along the north-south direction of the Pearl River Port, which basically shows that the AOT value in the west is greater than that in the east. ④ According to the observed daily average concentration data of O3-8h, the main concentration level of O3-8h in the GBA is excellent. The cities with good ozone concentration were most numerous in 2014, with five cities, and least in 2018, with only one city. The highest ozone concentration was in September, followed by June and November, and then May and July. In the past 20 years, the spatial distribution of the average concentration of O3 monitored by satellite remote sensing showed a characteristic Ω shape, increasing initially and then decreasing. The maximum value was in May, and the north-south boundary line appeared in space. ⑤ There is a good linear relationship between the interannual variation of monthly mean temperature and radiation, whereas the relationship between AOT and radiation cannot be described by a simple linear relationship. |
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