| 衡水湖沉积物中典型持久性有机污染物污染特征与风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1934 全文点击 710 投稿时间：2019-08-05 修订日期：2019-10-28 |
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| 中文关键词 持久性有机污染物 衡水湖 沉积物 源解析 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 persistent organic pollutants Hengshui Lake sediment source analysis ecological risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在衡水湖布设11个点位，于2018年8月和2019年3月开展两次采样，对衡水湖沉积物中多环芳烃（PAHs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）和多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）这3类典型持久性有机污染物（POPs）进行污染特征分析及生态风险评价.结果表明：①8月和3月衡水湖沉积物中ΣPAHs平均值分别为875.49 ng·g-1和1010.17 ng·g-1，与国内外其他地区相比处于中等污染水平，ΣPAHs空间分布存在差异，但是季节变化差异不明显；PAHs污染来源复杂，最主要为木材和煤燃烧，其次为石油污染；PAHs生态风险处于较低水平，建议加强对芴的防控.②8月和3月衡水湖沉积物中ΣOCPs平均值分别为35.57 ng·g-1和38.39 ng·g-1，与国内外其他地区相比处于中等污染水平，ΣOCPs空间差异较小，季节差异变化显著；沉积物中DDTs含量主要受土壤中长期分化残留的DDTs和新DDTs源输入的影响，HCHs含量同时受工业历史使用和农业林丹的输入的影响；OCPs总体生态风险处于中等水平，需加强对DDTs防控.③8月和3月衡水湖沉积物中ΣPBDEs平均值分别为1.77 ng·g-1和1.45 ng·g-1，与国内外其他地区相比处于较低污染水平，各点位ΣPBDEs空间差异较小，季节变化差异不明显；沉积物中PBDEs主要为低溴代PBDEs，其污染可能来源于纺织、泡沫品产生的五溴联苯醚，也可能是通过远距离的大气、水体沉降迁移或岸边土壤冲刷入湖；PBDEs暂时没有生态风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Sediment samples were collected from 11 typical sites in Hengshui Lake separately in August 2018 and March 2019. Characteristics and ecological risk assessment of typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), in these sediments were analyzed. The results showed that the average content of ΣPAHs in sediments of Hengshui Lake was 875.49 ng·g-1 and 1010.17 ng·g-1 in August 2018 and March 2019, respectively. Compared with other regions in China and abroad, ΣPAHs in sediments from Hengshui Lake were at moderate pollution level. Distribution of ΣPAHs varied between different sites, but the values changed within a narrow range in different seasons. Sources of PAHs in sediments from Hengshui Lake were complex, but combustion of wood and coal was the main source, followed by oil pollution. Generally, the ecological risk of PAHs was at a low level. However, fluorene pollution control should be strengthened. For ΣOCPs, the average values in sediments were 35.57 ng·g-1 and 38.39 ng·g-1 in August and March, respectively. Compared with other regions, the pollution of ΣOCPs was at a moderate level. In addition, the distribution of ΣOCPs varied a small amount between different sites. There were significant differences between the two seasons. The contents of DDTs in sediments were mainly related to the residual DDTs after long-term soil weathering and the input of recent DDTs sources. Contents of HCHs in sediments were influenced by the use of HCHs in industrial history and inputs of agricultural lindane. Generally, the ecological risk of OCPs was at a medium level, but the DDTs pollution control should be strengthened. For ΣPBDEs, the average values were 1.77 ng·g-1 and 1.45 ng·g-1 in the sediments in August 2018 and March 2019, respectively. Compared with other regions, they were at a lower pollution level. The distribution of ΣPBDEs showed small differences between different sites, and did not obviously vary between spring and summer. The PBDEs in sediments were mainly low-bromine PBDEs, which might be contaminated with penta-BDEs from textiles and foams. Additionally, PBDEs were also probably input by distant settlement and migration from the atmosphere, and soil flushing into the lake. PBDEs posed no immediate ecological risk. |
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