| 基于PMF模型的九龙江流域农田土壤重金属来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 2643 全文点击 861 投稿时间：2019-07-17 修订日期：2019-08-11 |
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| 中文关键词 农田土壤 正定矩阵因子分析模型(PMF) 重金属 源解析 九龙江流域 |
| 英文关键词 agricultural soils positive matrix factorization(PMF) heavy metals source apportionment Jiulong River Basin |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 选取九龙江流域农田土壤为研究对象，运用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）和原子荧光光谱（AFS）测定了土壤中重金属含量，通过正定矩阵因子分析模型（PMF）解析农田土壤中重金属的主要来源.结果表明，研究区域农田土壤中大部分金属相对福建省土壤环境背景值已存在一定程度的富集，部分土壤中Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu含量超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值（GB 15618-2018），且各金属在研究区不同区域（北溪流域、西溪流域和河口区）分布存在中等变异.Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn和Cd的含量在北溪流域的龙岩区域较高，Pb的含量在西溪流域较高，而Co、Hg和As的含量在河口区域较高.正定矩阵因子分析模型（PMF）得出的源成分谱和源贡献率具有非负性质，土壤中重金属实测值与模型预测值拟合曲线呈现较好相关性，结果相对合理，能满足研究需要.正定矩阵因子分析模型（PMF）解析得出：研究区农田土壤中重金属主要来源有自然源、农业活动、燃煤释放和工业活动，其对农田土壤中重金属的综合贡献率分别为37.0%、26.7%、17.6%和18.7%. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to study the source appointment of heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Jiulong River Basin, Fujian Province, China. 71 agricultural soil samples were collected in July 2017. The concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soils were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). Here, we use a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model for the source appointment of heavy metals in the sampled soils. The results showed that most of the heavy metal concentrations in the sampled agricultural soils were higher than soil background concentrations for the Fujian Province. The concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Cu in some soil samples were greater than the screening value of the Chinese soil pollution risk levels for agricultural land (GB 15618-2018). The spatial distributions of heavy metals showed a moderate variation across three regions of the study area (i.e., the North River watershed, West River watershed, and the estuary area). The highest concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd were found in Longyan City (North River watershed), the highest concentrations of Pb were found in the West River watershed, and the highest concentrations of Co, Hg, and As were found in the estuary area. The non-negative properties of the source component spectrum and source contribution rate (obtained by the PMF model), as well as the significant correlation between the measured and PMF predicted concentrations, indicated that the results of the PMF model were relatively reasonable and can meet research needs. The source apportionment results of the PMF model showed that natural sources, agricultural sources, coal combustion, and industrial sources were the four major potential sources for heavy metals in the sampled agricultural soils, contributing 37.0%, 26.7%, 17.6%, and 18.7%, respectively. |
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