| 国内外储油库VOCs排放现状与标准分析 |
| 摘要点击 2008 全文点击 751 投稿时间：2019-06-22 修订日期：2019-08-28 |
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| 中文关键词 储油库 油气 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 排放标准 非甲烷总烃(NMHC) |
| 英文关键词 bulk petroleum terminals vapor volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission standards non-methane total hydrocarbons(NMHC) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 胡玮 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 城市大气挥发性有机物污染防治技术与应用北京市重点实验室, 北京 100037 | huwei_my@163.com | | 任碧琪 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 城市大气挥发性有机物污染防治技术与应用北京市重点实验室, 北京 100037 | | | 黄玉虎 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 城市大气挥发性有机物污染防治技术与应用北京市重点实验室, 北京 100037
天津大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300072 | huangyuhu@sina.com | | 秦建平 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 城市大气挥发性有机物污染防治技术与应用北京市重点实验室, 北京 100037 | | | 卞吉玮 | 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200030 | | | 吴清柱 | 广州市环境监测中心站, 广州 510030 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 储油库大气污染物排放标准（GB 20950-2007）规定了储油库在储存和收发汽油过程中油气排放控制，不适用于原油、航空煤油和石脑油等油品.对美国和欧洲储油库油气排放标准或指令进行梳理，结合我国3个典型城市储油库油气处理装置油气排放现状分析，提出GB 20950-2007的修订建议.结果表明：①美国和欧洲储油库标准控制范围不仅包含汽油，还包含原油和其他有机液体；②GB 20950-2007的油气非甲烷总烃（NMHC）排放浓度限值分别是美国联邦标准Subpart XX、Subpart R和Subpart Y的0.5、1.8和8.9倍，是美国南加州Rule 462和Rule 1142的1.8和3.1倍，是欧盟和德国指令的0.7和500倍；我国一般地区油气泄漏限值是Subpart XX的0.5倍，重点地区油气泄漏限值是Rule 462和Rule 1142的0.7和2.0倍.③我国3个典型城市储油库油气处理装置进口和出口NMHC排放浓度P5th~P95th数值范围分别为115~811 g·m-3和0.1~20.0 g·m-3，85%以上的处理装置出口NMHC排放浓度≤ 10 g·m-3.建议将GB 20950-2007的适用范围扩大为原油、汽油（含乙醇汽油）、航空煤油和石脑油，油气处理装置NMHC排放浓度限值从25 g·m-3加严为20 g·m-3，增加特别排放限值10 g·m-3. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Chinese emission standard of air pollutants for bulk gasoline terminals (GB 20950-2007) stipulate standards for vapor emissions during gasoline storage and receiving in bulk gasoline terminals. However, the standards are not applicable to crude oil, aviation kerosene, naphtha, and other kinds of oil. We assess emission standards or directives for vapor processing equipment in terminals in the United States (US) and European Union (EU), and analyze the emission status of vapor processing equipment in three typical cities in China. We further propose revisions to GB 20950-2007. We made the following observations. ① US and EU standards include scope not only for gasoline, but also crude oil and other organic liquids. ② The emission limits of non-methane hydrocarbons defined in GB 20950-2007 are i) 0.5, 1.8, and 8.9 times those defined in Subpart XX, Subpart R, and Subpart Y in the US federal regulations, ii) 1.8 and 3.1 times those defined in Rule 462 and Rule 1142 in southern California law, and iii) 0.7 and 500 times those defined in EU and German directives, respectively. The vapor leakage limit for general areas of China is 0.5 times that defined in Subpart XX of the US standards, whereas the limits for some other specific areas of China, are 0.7 and 2.0 times those defined by Rule 462 and Rule 1142 in southern California law. ③ The numerical range of P5th-P95th of NMHC emissions from the inlet and outlet of vapor processing equipment in three typical cities of China were 115-811 g·m-3 and 0.1-20.0 g·m-3, respectively. The proportion of NMHC emission concentrations less than or equal to 10 g·m-3 at the outlet of vapor processing equipment was>85%. We suggest that the scope of application of GB 20950-2007 should be extended to crude oil, gasoline (including ethanol gasoline), aviation kerosene, and naphtha. The emission concentration limit of NMHC from vapor processing equipment should be tighten from 25 g·m-3 to 20 g·m-3, with a emission limit of 10 g·m-3 added for particular cases. |
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