| 2016年京津冀地区红色预警时段PM2.5污染特征与浓度控制效果 |
| 摘要点击 4401 全文点击 1373 投稿时间：2018-11-20 修订日期：2019-03-07 |
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| 中文关键词 京津冀 PM2.5 重污染 红色预警 效果评估 |
| 英文关键词 BTH region PM2.5 heavy pollution red alert effect assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 2016年12月京津冀地区发生一次重污染过程，北京和天津于12月16日20：00至12月21日24：00，河北省（除张家口、承德和秦皇岛）于12月16日00：00至12月22日18：00发布了重污染红色预警.为研究重污染过程与应急措施的控制效果，基于环境监测数据与模型模拟结果对本次重污染过程的污染物浓度、天气形势与气团输送、区域传输和减排效果进行了研究.本次重污染过程中各地市PM2.5平均浓度均超过200 μg·m-3，小时均值峰值为834.5 μg·m-3.重污染期间气象条件非常不利于污染物扩散，低压控制与气团传输加剧了污染过程.各地市平均本地贡献为47.1%，受天气形势影响传输效果存在一定差异.本次红色预警期间京津冀地区PM2.5浓度平均下降比例为27.6%，减排效果明显.如果提前实施重污染应急措施，可以使PM2.5下降浓度有一定提升.提前2 d实施可以使PM2.5浓度平均下降比例增加4.4%，提前3 d以上效果提升不明显. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region experienced a heavy pollution episode in December 2016. Beijing and Tianjin issued a red alert from 20:00 December 16 to 24:00 December 21, while every city in Hebei Province (except Zhangjiakou, Chengde, and Qinhuangdao) issued a red alert from 00:00 December 16 to 18:00 December 22. In order to study the process of heavy pollution and the effect of implementing emergency measures, pollutant concentrations, meteorological conditions, air mass transmission and region transmission, and control effects were analyzed based on environmental monitoring data and simulation. Mean PM2.5 concentrations during the heavy pollution episode in each city all exceeded 200 μg·m-3 and the peak value of hourly averaged concentration (834.5 μg·m-3) occurred in Handan. The meteorological conditions during the heavy pollution episode restricted the diffusion of pollutants, with low pressure and air mass transmission exacerbating the problem. The mean fraction of PM2.5 concentrations in local emissions was 47.1%, but this differed between cities due to variable meteorological conditions. The average reduction of PM2.5 concentrations was 27.6%, indicating that the implementation of a red alert measure was effective. If the emergency measures had been implemented a few days earlier, a greater reduction ratio would have been achieved; a 4.4% greater average reduction in PM2.5 concentrations would have occurred if the measures were implemented two days earlier, while taking action three or more days in advance would not have achieved significant improvement. |
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