| 透水路面-生物滞留池组合道路的城市面源污染控制效果评估 |
| 摘要点击 2348 全文点击 814 投稿时间：2017-12-26 修订日期：2018-03-15 |
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| 中文关键词 透水路面 生物滞留池 污染负荷 累积 冲刷 净化效果 |
| 英文关键词 porous asphalt bio-retention pollution loads build-up wash-off purification effect |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 宫曼莉 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | gongmanli_imu@163.com | | 左俊杰 | 江苏大学环境设计系, 镇江 212000 | | | 任心欣 | 深圳市城市规划设计研究院, 深圳 518028 | | | 赵洪涛 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | htzhao@rcees.ac.cn | | 罗茜 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 廖云杰 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 李叙勇 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 不同低影响开发（LID）技术组合对于控制城市面源污染具有重要应用价值，但是其对城市面源污染形成过程（污染物累积-冲刷-输送）的影响及污染负荷削减效果的评估鲜见报道.本研究以深圳市国际低碳城为例，分析了6场降雨事件下透水路面-生物滞留池组合对城市面源晴天污染物累积量、降雨径流冲刷量、不同LID设施的削减量、溢流的负荷量的影响.结果表明，研究区地表颗粒物平均累积量为（15.80±3.79）g·m-2，粒径>250 μm的颗粒物质量占比约为65.14%；6场不同强度降雨对地表颗粒物的平均冲刷率为17.15%，粒径<105 μm的颗粒物冲刷率为62.71%~74.94%；降雨冲刷地表径流污染物SS、TN、TP的平均污染负荷分别为2.02、0.025、0.0013 g·m-2；透水路面下渗、过滤作用对污染物SS、TN、TP的去除率分别为70.26%、46.29%、19.27%；生物滞留池对径流二次净化去除率分别为85.25%、20.22%、70.27%；入河径流污染物SS、TN、TP的平均污染负荷分别为0.08、0.011、0.0003 g·m-2，是地表冲刷污染负荷的4.05%、43.47%、24.39%.透水路面-生物滞留池组合应用对道路径流中污染物的净化效果显著.通过定量化表征透水路面-生物滞留池组合应用道路的城市面源污染形成过程，以期为城市面源污染形成过程的污染负荷估算及LID工程绩效评估提供科学依据，为LID在国内的推广应用和海绵城市设计提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Different combinations of low impact development (LID) technologies can be applied for control of urban non-point source pollution. There are currently few evaluations of urban non-point source pollution and pollution load reduction based on a combination of porous asphalt and bio-retention. Taking Shenzhen International Low Carbon City as an example, road-deposited sediments were collected prior to and after rainfall events. Runoff was monitored under six typical rainfall events, from porous asphalt and the inlet/outlet of bio-retention. Through analysis of changes in the process of "build-up-wash-off-transport" of pollutant loads, the average build-up of road-deposited sediments in the study area was found to be (15.80±3.79) g·m-2; the mass percentage of road-deposited sediments (size>250 μm) was approximately 65.14%. The average wash-off percentage of six different intensity rainfall events was 17.15%, and road-deposited sediments (size<105 μm) were carried by 62.71%-74.94%. The average pollution loads of surface runoff pollutants SS, TN, and TP were 2.02, 0.025, and 0.0013 g·m-2, respectively. The removal rates of SS, TN, and TP through porous asphalt under infiltration and filtration were 70.26%, 46.29%, and 19.27%, respectively. The secondary purification removal rates of runoff water in bio-retention were 85.25%, 20.22%, and 70.27%, respectively. Pollutant loads into Dingshan River totaled 0.08, 0.011, and 0.0003 g·m-2, representing 4.05%, 43.47%, and 24.39% of runoff. The combination thus had a significant effect on runoff purification. Through quantitative research on the formation of non-point source pollution, this paper provides a scientific basis for estimating pollution loads of urban non-point source pollution and evaluating the performance of LID projects. It makes suggestions for the popularization and application of LID and sponge city design in China. |
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