| 人粪便好氧堆肥过程中典型抗生素的消减特性 |
| 摘要点击 1647 全文点击 611 投稿时间：2017-11-19 修订日期：2017-12-25 |
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| 中文关键词 抗生素 好氧堆肥 人粪便 降解 锯末吸附 |
| 英文关键词 antibiotic aerobic composting human feces degradation sawdust adsorption |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以人粪便和锯末为试验材料，进行3种不同温度（55℃、35℃和无温控）控制条件下的好氧堆肥试验，对比温度对堆肥过程中4种人们大量应用的抗生素（四环素、金霉素、磺胺嘧啶和环丙沙星）消减特性的影响.同时分别对抗生素在水环境、锯末载体和人粪便加锯末堆肥中的降解进行针对性试验，分析人粪便好氧堆肥中影响抗生素降解的主要因素或作用，并对其贡献进行了评价.结果表明，4种抗生素在高温堆肥中的去除效果最好，其去除率都在90%以上.相比磺胺嘧啶和环丙沙星，金霉素和四环素的降解对堆肥温度依赖更强.四环素和金霉素在堆肥中的去除主要为水解作用导致的去除，而磺胺嘧啶和环丙沙星的去除则主要归因于锯末有机质对其吸附的影响.与其它3种抗生素不同，微生物作用对堆肥中环丙沙星降解的影响是重要的，贡献率接近20%. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Aerobic composting experiments were conducted under three different temperatures (55℃, 35℃, and non-temperature-controlled) with human feces and sawdust as the compost material and bulky matrix respectively. Attention was paid to the effects of temperature on the removal of four typical antibiotics (tetracycline, chlortetracycline, sulfadiazine, and ciprofloxacin) during human feces aerobic composting. Furthermore, three specific experiments were conducted to identify the possible antibiotic degradation mechanisms in aqueous solution and during composting with moist sterile sawdust but without feces and composting with feces and moist sterile sawdust. The most effective removal of the four antibiotics was achieved through thermophilic composting (55℃). At 55℃, more than 90% of all the antibiotics were removed. The degradation of tetracycline and chlortetracycline was more temperature-dependent than that of sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin. Moreover, tetracycline and chlortetracycline removal was primarily through hydrolysis in moist environments. However, sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin removal was mainly attributed to adsorption by sawdust particles. The contribution of microbial action to antibiotic degradation was insignificant for all the antibiotics except ciprofloxacin. Up to 20% of this antibiotic was degraded by microbial action. |
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