| 三峡库区涪陵和忠县两地居民发汞含量水平及影响因素分析 |
| 摘要点击 1377 全文点击 473 投稿时间：2017-09-05 修订日期：2017-12-25 |
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| 中文关键词 三峡库区 发汞 含量 影响因素 汞暴露风险 |
| 英文关键词 Three Gorges Reservoir Region hair mercury levels concentration influencing factors risk of mercury exposure |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 程楠 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715 | Chinachengnan@163.com | | 谢青 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715 | | | 樊宇飞 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715 | | | 王永敏 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400716 | | | 张成 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400716 | | | 王定勇 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | dywang@swu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为评价三峡库区居民汞暴露风险，在三峡库区腹心地带的涪陵和忠县两地采集了238份当地居民头发样本，分析了总汞（THg）和甲基汞（MeHg）含量.结果表明，两地居民头发THg、MeHg平均含量分别为（0.50±0.54）μg·g-1、（0.35±0.25）μg·g-1.其中，涪陵居民头发THg、MeHg平均含量分别为（0.71±0.87）μg·g-1、（0.53±0.46）μg·g-1，均高于忠县居民头发THg[（0.41±0.36）μg·g-1]、MeHg[（0.28±0.26）μg·g-1]平均含量水平，但两地头发总汞平均含量均低于美国EPA安全参考剂量（1 μg·g-1）.不同年龄段的居民发汞含量存在显著性差异（P<0.05），其中40~50岁年龄段居民发汞含量最高；不同性别间发汞含量差异不显著（P>0.05），但女性发汞含量略高于男性.居民发汞含量与食鱼频率呈正相关，渔民发汞含量显著高于非渔民发汞含量（P<0.01），且渔民头发样本总汞含量均值（1.44±0.79）μg·g-1超过了EPA安全参考剂量.两地吸烟者头发总汞含量[（0.55±0.24）μg·g-1、（0.58±0.54）μg·g-1]均显著高于非吸烟者头发总汞含量[（0.51±0.30）μg·g-1、（0.36±0.26）μg·g-1].三峡库区居民汞暴露风险总体较低，但渔民存在一定的汞暴露风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To evaluate the mercury (Hg) exposure risk for residents of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR), hair samples were collected from 238 local residents within the central regions of the TGRR (Fuling District and Zhongxian County) in this study. Subsequently, total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were determined. The results obtained showed that the average THg and MeHg concentrations in hair samples of the residents within these two areas were (0.50±0.54) μg·g-1 and(0.35±0.25) μg·g-1, respectively. Specifically, the average THg and MeHg concentrations in hair samples of Fuling residents were(0.71±0.87) μg·g-1 and(0.53±0.46) μg·g-1, respectively. Both these values were higher than those in hair samples of Zhongxian County residents [THg(0.41±0.36) μg·g-1 and MeHg (0.28±0.26) μg·g-1]. It is noteworthy that the hair Hg levels in residents of these two areas are both well below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's reference dose (1 μg·g-1). Hair Hg levels varied slightly among different age groups; higher Hg levels were detected in residents in the age group of 40-50 years(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the hair Hg levels among genders(P>0.05). Hair Hg levels in females were slightly above those in males. Hair Hg levels were significantly correlated with the frequency of fish consumption. Furthermore, hair Hg levels in non-fishermen were significantly lower than those in fishermen. An elevated mean value of (1.44±0.79) μg·g-1(P<0.01), which exceeds the RfD of 1 μg·g-1, was detected in fishermen. Moreover, hair Hg levels in smokers of Fuling and Zhongxian County[(0.55±0.24) μg·g-1 and (0.58±0.54) μg·g-1, respectively] were both markedly higher than those in non-smokers[(0.51±0.30) μg·g-1 and (0.36±0.26) μg·g-1respectively]. In conclusion, the risk of Hg exposure to residents of the TGRR was lower. However, in this study, it was determined that fishermen are at significant risk of Hg exposure. |
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