| 于桥水库沉积物-水界面氮磷剖面特征及交换通量 |
| 摘要点击 2517 全文点击 794 投稿时间：2017-09-09 修订日期：2017-10-31 |
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| 中文关键词 于桥水库 沉积物-水界面 间隙水 分布特征 释放通量 |
| 英文关键词 Yuqiao Reservoir sediment-water interface interstitial water spatial distribution diffusive flux |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 文帅龙 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | wensl313@sina.com | | 龚琬晴 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 吴涛 | 天津市水利科学研究院, 天津 300061 | | | 郑小兰 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 江雪 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 | | | 李鑫 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 | | | 钟继承 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 | jczhong@niglas.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 于桥水库是天津市重要的饮用水源地，但近年来呈现富营养化加重趋势，而其内源负荷及污染分布特征尚不清楚.本研究利用Peeper（pore water equilibrium）技术获取沉积物-水界面氮磷剖面特征，分析于桥水库间隙水氮磷分布的空间差异；采集沉积物无扰动柱样分析沉积物中易释放态氮及磷的赋存特征，并利用原柱样静态培养法对其水土界面氮磷交换速率进行估算.结果表明：①沉积物中活性磷、氨氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮的含量分别为0.5~6.5、0.5~10.9、2.2~16.2和0.05~0.6 mg·kg-1，在垂直方向随深度增加营养盐含量降低，而在空间分布上差异显著.②上覆水中PO43--P和NH4+-N质量浓度较低，间隙水中PO43--P和NH4+-N质量浓度远大于上覆水，表明于桥水库间隙水具有向上覆水体扩散营养盐的潜力.在垂直方向上间隙水中PO43--P和NH4+-N具有在0~5 cm快速增加，之后表现出逐渐降低的趋势.③静态释放结果表明，PO43--P和NH4+-N从沉积物间隙水扩散至上覆水中，其释放通量分别为1.1~13.3 mg·（m2·d）-1和20.6~250.5 mg·（m2·d）-1；NO3--N交换通量在-20.4~33.4 mg·（m2·d）-1之间，NO2--N交换通量在-7.4~0.4 mg·（m2·d）-1之间.PO43--P和NH4+-N为于桥水库主要的沉积物内源向上覆水释放营养盐，总体释放速率在空间上呈现南高北低、淋河口和水坝前较高的释放特征.与类似研究比较可知，于桥水库沉积物-水界面通量相对较高，表明沉积物是于桥水库上覆水营养盐的重要来源. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Yuqiao Reservoir is an important source of drinking water in Tianjin. In recent years, the eutrophication status is becoming more and more serious, but its internal loading and distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus is not clear. The profiles of nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment-water interface were analyzed using the Peeper (pore water equilibrium) technique and the spatial distribution was investigated. The existing forms of the released nitrogen and phosphorus were investigated by the static intact sediment cores, and the fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment-water interface were estimated by static incubations with intact sediment cores. The results demonstrated the following. ① The contents of PO43--P, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N in sediments were 0.5-6.5, 0.5-10.9, 2.2-16.2, and 0.05-0.6 mg ·kg-1, respectively. The contents of nutrient were lower as depth increased, and horizontal distribution characteristics indicated significant differences. ② The contents of PO43--P and NH4+-N in the interstitial water were much higher than in the overlying water, suggesting that the interstitial water had the potential to diffuse nutrients to the overlying water. The concentrations of PO43--P and NH4+-N in the interstitial water increased rapidly at 0-5 cm and then decreased gradually. ③ PO43--P and NH4+-N diffused from the sediment to the overlying water, and the fluxes of them were 1.1-13.3 mg ·(m2 ·d)-1 and 20.6-250.5 mg ·(m2 ·d)-1, respectively. The exchange fluxes of NO3--N and NO2--N ranged from -20.4 to 33.4 mg ·(m2 ·d)-1 and from -7.4 to 0.4 mg ·(m2 ·d)-1, respectively. PO43--P and NH4+-N were the main nutrients in the sediment released to the overlying water. The fluxes were high in the south and low in the north, and also high in the mouth of the Linhe River and downstream of the reservoir. Compared with similar studies, the fluxes at the sediment-water interface of Yuqiao Reservoir were relatively high, indicating that the sediment was an important source of nutrients for the overlying water in Yuqiao Reservoir. |
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