| 藏猪扰动作用下的高寒草甸土壤退化特征及微生物群落结构变化 |
| 摘要点击 2985 全文点击 813 投稿时间：2017-08-27 修订日期：2017-10-22 |
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| 中文关键词 高寒草甸 泥炭地 16S rRNA 藏猪 放牧 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词 alpine meadow peatland 16S rRNA Tibetan pig herding soil microorganism |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 展鹏飞 | 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院, 昆明 650224 | zhanpengfei1@163.com | | 肖德荣 | 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院, 昆明 650224 | | | 闫鹏飞 | 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院, 昆明 650224 | | | 刘振亚 | 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院, 昆明 650224 | | | 马金成 | 云南香格里拉市纳帕海湿地管理局, 迪庆 674400 | | | 陈志明 | 云南香格里拉市纳帕海湿地管理局, 迪庆 674400 | | | 格茸 | 云南香格里拉市纳帕海湿地管理局, 迪庆 674400 | | | 田伟 | 云南香格里拉市纳帕海湿地管理局, 迪庆 674400 | | | 王行 | 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院, 昆明 650224
浙江大学环境与资源学院环境科学研究所, 杭州 310058 | hwang17@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微生物作为土壤生态系统的重要组成部分，对环境干扰异常敏感，可以反映土壤的健康状况.人类活动导致高寒泥炭土壤面临退化风险，生产力下降、碳汇功能丧失，进而影响土壤微生物的群落结构及多样性.藏猪放牧是我国高海拔藏区一种特有的放牧方式，是导致高寒草甸土壤退化的重要干扰因素之一.应用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对比分析了藏猪放牧干扰和对照（无藏猪放牧）条件下的滇西北高寒草甸泥炭土壤微生物群落结构变化及其对干扰的响应特征.结果表明，藏猪放牧导致土壤微生物α多样性显著降低，且群落结构发生明显变化.高寒草甸泥炭土壤的主要优势菌为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）.与门水平相比，干扰前后土壤微生物在属水平上的差异更明显，其中鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）和薄层菌属（Hymenobacter）的相对丰度在干扰后的土壤中显著增加，而硝化螺菌属（Nitrospira）和红游动菌属（Rhodoplanes）则显著降低.Venn图分析进一步发现，干扰与对照土壤样品中分别有71和136个核心OTU.干扰条件下的土壤特有微生物主要包括伯克霍德氏菌（Burkholderiales）、假单胞菌（Pseudomonadales）、鞘脂单胞菌（Sphingomonadales）等，这些微生物主要聚集在目水平，可以作为干扰条件下的指示微生物.CCA排序表明，硝化螺菌属和红游动菌属的微生物对含水率、速效磷、有机质等土壤环境变量的响应较为敏感.该研究结果为揭示高寒草甸泥炭土壤退化与微生物群落结构及多样性之间的关系提供了理论借鉴. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Anthropic activities lead to a high risk of peatland degradation in the alpine regions. Along with the declined plant productivity and the impaired functioning of the soil carbon sink, the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities are also affected in a degraded peatland ecosystem. Tibetan pig herding is a unique peatland management strategy, which can significantly affect the peatland ecosystem, but it has been rarely studied. The changes in the microbial community structure and its responses to disturbances were studied using a 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing technique in an alpine meadow peatland under Tibetan pig herding disturbance and under control (without Tibetan pig herding) in the Northwestern Yunnan province. The results showed that Tibetan pig herding significantly reduced the α diversity of soil microbes, and the soil microbial community structures were significantly changed by pig herding. The soil microbial communities in the peatland soils were dominated by Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Compared with those at the phylum level, the changes at the genus level under pig disturbance were more obvious. It was seen that the relative abundances of Sphingomonas and Hymenobacter significantly increased, while the abundances of Nitrospira and Rhodoplanes significantly decreased under pig herding. Venn diagram analysis revealed that there were 71 and 136 core OTUs in the soil under pig herding and in the control group soil, respectively. Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, and Sphingomonadales were the main taxa exclusively found under Tibetan pig herding, and could serve as indicators of soil disturbance. CCA ordination further showed that the distribution of Nitrospira and Rhodoplanes were mainly controlled by soil moisture, available phosphorus, and organic matter contents. Our findings provide an insight into the linkages between the soil microbial communities and the degradation of peatlands in alpine regions. |
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