| 华东区域PM2.5变化背景下浙江省人口经济暴露水平评估 |
| 摘要点击 2240 全文点击 670 投稿时间：2017-05-05 修订日期：2017-06-29 |
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| 中文关键词 卫星遥感 PM2.5 变化趋势 人口 经济 暴露水平 |
| 英文关键词 satellite remote sensing PM2.5 trend population economy exposure level |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用1998~2012年卫星反演的细颗粒物（PM2.5）全球高精度产品数据集，精细化地给出了华东地区PM2.5时空分布与变化特征，并分析了此背景下浙江省PM2.5的人口经济暴露水平.结果表明1998~2012年期间，浙江省区域平均PM2.5浓度整体变化呈现出先增加、后下降的特征，拐点出现在2007~2009年前后，与华东区域大背景的变化趋势一致.1998~2000年华东南部与山东东部的年平均PM2.5浓度基本保持在50 μg·m-3以下，其余地区大多在50~75 μg·m-3左右，华东地区和浙江省PM2.5浓度超过35 μg·m-3的地区分别占到51.8%和21.1%.1998~2009年PM2.5浓度上升趋势非常明显，华东地区的平均变化趋势为2.58 μg·（m3·a）-1，浙江省的上升趋势较华东区域慢，为1.43 μg·（m3·a）-1.2007~2009年PM2.5浓度达到最大，华东和浙江省超过35 μg·m-3的地区分别占到82.1%和65.9%.此后PM2.5浓度呈现出下降的变化趋势，华东地区和浙江省的平均变化趋势分别为-1.75 μg·（m3·a）-1和-1.58 μg·（m3·a）-1，PM2.5浓度超过35 μg·m-3的地区比例均有所下降，说明政府颁布的一系列节能减排方针政策可能对华东地区的空气质量改善起到了一定的成效.2010年浙江地区PM2.5暴露水平超过35 μg·m-3的人口比例和GDP比例分别为74.0%和70.8%，其中38.1%的人口生活的环境和38.9%的GDP产生的环境PM2.5浓度年平均值在50 μg·m-3以上. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Using the satellite-derived Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) data of global high-precision products during 1998-2012, detailed characteristics of PM2.5 distribution over East China and its change are given, and the PM2.5 exposure levels for population and economy in Zhejiang is further analyzed in this context. The results show that the overall variability of the regional average value of PM2.5 concentration exhibits an increasing trend followed by a decrease during 1998-2012, which is consistent in both the East China and Zhejiang provinces; the turning point occurs around 2007-2009. In the initial years (1998-2000), annual average PM2.5 concentrations are below 50 μg·m-3 in the southern part of East China and eastern part of Shandong, while it is 50-75 μg·m-3 in other areas. During this period, 51.8% of the area in East China and 21.1% of the area in Zhejiang have PM2.5 concentrations larger than 35 μg·m-3 (Air quality standard value in China). The rising trend in PM2.5 concentration is extremely obvious in 1998-2009; the mean linear trend over East China is 2.58 μg·(m3·a)-1, while it is 1.43 μg·(m3·a)-1 over Zhejiang province. PM2.5 concentration reaches its maximum during 2007-2009. The area where PM2.5 concentration is larger than 35 μg·m-3 reaches 82.1% in East China and 65.9% in Zhejiang province. After that, the PM2.5 concentration begins to decrease in each region, and the average change trend in East China and Zhejiang are -1.75 μg·(m3·a)-1 and -1.58 μg·(m3·a)-1, respectively. The regional area in which PM2.5concentrations aregreater than 35 μg·m-3 displays a slight decline during 2010-2012, which suggests that the energy conservation and emission reduction plan proposed by the Chinese government and associated measures may play a vital role in improving air quality of East China. In 2010, the proportion of the population and GDP for which the PM2.5 exposure level exceeded 35 μg·m-3 were 74.0% and 70.8%, respectively, of which 38.1% of the population lives in an environment where annual average PM2.5 concentrations are more than 50 μg·m-3. In addition, 38.9% of the GDP is produced in an environment with annual average PM2.5 concentrations more than 50 μg·m-3. |
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