| 黄土高原不同植被类型下土壤细菌群落特征研究 |
| 摘要点击 3348 全文点击 1459 投稿时间：2016-03-28 修订日期：2016-05-11 |
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| 中文关键词 黄土高原 454高通量测序 不同植被类型 土壤细菌 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词 Loess Plateau 454 high-throughput sequencing different vegetation types soil bacteria environment factors |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 研究黄土高原不同植被类型对土壤细菌微生物多样性的影响，对发挥土壤潜在肥力、了解土壤健康状况，实现植被的管理与可持续利用有着重要的意义. 本文选取黄土高原4种草原植被与4种乔木林植被的表层土壤（0~5 cm）为研究对象，利用第二代高通量测序技术454 HiSeq对其进行16S rDNA V1~V3可变区的高通量测序，分析土壤细菌的Alpha多样性、物种组成和丰度，并研究土壤性质对细菌群落结构的影响. 结果表明，所测土壤样品中共检测到细菌的36个门，84个纲，187个目，优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、绿弯菌（Chloroflexi）、浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes），主要的优势菌纲为放线杆菌纲（Actinobacteria）、α-变形菌纲（α-Proteobacteria）、酸杆菌纲（Acidobacteria）、β-变形菌纲（β-Proteobacteria）、浮霉菌纲（Planctomycetacia）. 草原植被土壤分布更多的是Actinobacteria，森林植被土壤分布更多的是Proteobacteria. Proteobacteria与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷呈显著的相关性，其相对丰富度主要受土壤碳氮磷含量的限制. Actinobacteria的生长主要受土壤pH、水分和土壤有机质的影响. 通过RDA分析发现，影响黄土高原土壤细菌分布的主要土壤因子是土壤水分，这些结果丰富了黄土高原土壤微生物多样性的理论知识，而且可为黄土高原植被恢复模式的选择提供理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this study, we collected soil samples from four different arborcommunities and four herb communities, which represented two vegetation ecosystems in the northwest of the Loess Plateau. Our objectives were to determine the diversity of soil bacterial communities and the affecting factors with the method of 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing technology. The results showed that the structures of the microbial communities differed in terms of both the predominant phylum and the relative abundance of each phylum. At the phylum level, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes. At the class level, Actinobacteria, α-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, β-Proteobacteria and Planctomycetacia were predominant. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria in grass vegetation ecosystem was more abundant than that in forest vegetation ecosystem. Proteobacteria in forest vegetation ecosystem were more abundant. Soil pH was significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Actinobacteria. Soil organic matter,soil total N and soil total P were the key factors affecting soil Proteobacteria. These results will provide useful information for the diversity of soil bacteria and guide the practice of vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau. |
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