| 华东地区某水源水中13种磺胺类抗生素的分布特征及人体健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 3556 全文点击 1508 投稿时间：2016-01-19 修订日期：2016-02-24 |
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| 中文关键词 磺胺类抗生素 饮用水源水 分布特征 风险熵 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 sulfonamides antibiotics drinking water source distribution characteristics risk quotients health risk assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 金磊 | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237 | leiking802@163.com | | 姜蕾 | 上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司, 上海 200082 | | | 韩琪 | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237 | | | 薛佳怡 | 华东理工大学药学院, 制药工程与过程化学教育部工程研究中心, 上海 200237 | | | 叶辉 | 上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司, 上海 200082 | | | 曹国民 | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237 | | | 林匡飞 | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237 | | | 崔长征 | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237 | cuichangzheng@ecust.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 饮用水源水中残留微量抗生素对人体健康的潜在威胁日益引起广泛关注.采用固相萃取、高效液相串联质谱方法分析了13种磺胺类抗生素在华东地区某水源水中的分布特征.结果表明,13种磺胺类抗生素在水源水中均有不同程度检出,总浓度为10.5~238.5 ng·L-1.其中磺胺甲唑(SMX)和磺胺(SAM)的检出频率为100%,检出浓度分别高达107.0 ng·L-1和43.1 ng·L-1.水源地入水口磺胺类抗生素污染水平高于出水口,SMX在水源地不同位置浓度变化不明显.磺胺类抗生素呈现季节变化特征,冬季和春季浓度为110.8~117.9 ng·L-1,是夏、秋季浓度的3.6~3.8倍.基于风险熵的方法评价水源水中残留的磺胺类抗生素对不同年龄段人群的健康风险,结果显示磺胺类抗生素风险值均远小于1,甲氧苄啶(TMP)对0~3个月的婴儿健康风险最大(0.001).该水源水中磺胺类抗生素对人体健康尚不构成直接威胁,但长期和综合风险值得关注. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Trace levels of residual antibiotics in drinking water sources may threaten public health and becomes a serious issue in modern society. Occurrence and distribution of 13 sulfonamides antibiotics in a drinking water source in East China were investigated using solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results revealed that all 13 sulfonamides were detected with the total concentrations ranging from 10.5 ng·L-1 to 238.5 ng·L-1. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfonamide (SAM) presented the 100% detected frequency, and the maximum concentrations reached 107.0 ng·L-1 and 43.1 ng·L-1, respectively. Sulfonamides contamination levels in the inlet were relatively higher than those in the outlet. The concentration of SMX was substantially unchanged in different positions of drinking water source. Seasonal variation of sulfonamide concentration showed that the concentrations were higher in winter and spring compared with those in summer and autumn. The range of total sulfonamides concentration detected in winter and spring was from 110.8 ng·L-1 to 117.9 ng·L-1, which was 3.6-3.8 times higher than those in summer and autumn. Human health risk characterization of residual sulfonamides in drinking water source was based on the assessment of risk quotients (RQs) for which different life stages were taken into account. The results showed that no sulfonamides had a RQs higher than 1. Trimethoprim (TMP) was the most risky antibiotic to the 0-3 months old infants with RQs reaching 0.001. Although the sulfonamides detected in the drinking water source do not pose any risk to the peoples' health, the implication of long-time exposure and comprehensive risk still deserve attention. |
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