| 不同灌溉方式对华北平原冬小麦田土壤CO2和N2O排放通量的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3127 全文点击 1074 投稿时间：2015-10-27 修订日期：2015-12-15 |
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| 中文关键词 微喷水肥一体化 碳汇 温室气体 季节变化 空间分布 累积排放量 |
| 英文关键词 micro sprinkler irrigation of integrated water and fertilizer carbon sink greenhouse gases temporal variation spatial distribution cumulative emission |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郭树芳 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | guosf.12b@igsnrr.ac.cn | | 齐玉春 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 尹飞虎 | 新疆农垦科学院, 石河子 832000 | | | 彭琴 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 董云社 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | dongys@igsnrr.ac.cn | | 贺云龙 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 闫钟清 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 节水灌溉是现代农业的发展趋势,为研究节水灌溉措施对农田土壤温室气体排放的影响,采用静态箱暗箱法研究了微喷水肥一体化(微喷)与传统漫灌方式下华北平原西部2013~2014年冬小麦田土壤CO2及N2O排放通量的变化特征及微喷方式下垂直微喷管不同距离的3个空间位置土壤CO2、N2O排放通量的空间变化.利用根排除法分析土壤呼吸组分,并估算不同灌溉方式下农田碳收支状况.结果表明:1微喷与漫灌方式下小麦田土壤CO2排放通量平均值分别为418.19 mg·(m2·h)-1和372.14 mg·(m2·h)-1,两种灌溉方式间CO2排放通量无显著差异,累积排放量分别为2150.6 g·m-2及1904.6 g·m-2.2返青期-成熟期微喷方式下距离微喷管不同距离的3个位置土壤CO2累积排放量表现为距离微喷管近的土壤CO2排放量最大,但无明显差异.3微喷和漫灌方式下,小麦生长季土壤异养呼吸排放量(以C计)分别为468.49 g·m-2和427.31 g·m-2,净初级生产力(以C计)分别为1988.21 g·m-2和1770.54 g·m-2,生长生育期小麦田碳汇(以C计)分别为1519.72 g·m-2和1343.24 g·m-2.4微喷与漫灌处理小麦生长季土壤N2O排放通量的平均值分别为50.77 μg·(m2·h)-1和28.81 μg·(m2·h)-1,两种灌溉方式间N2O排放通量无显著差异,累积排放量分别为272.67 mg·m-2及154.08 mg·m-2.5小麦返青期-成熟期微喷方式下3个空间位置土壤N2O排放通量表现为距离微喷管越远,N2O累积排放量越小,但处理间无显著性差异.可见,小麦田由传统漫灌转变为微喷节水灌溉后,农田土壤CO2和N2O排放通量均有增加,但农田碳汇强度也增加了. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The water-saving irrigation is the trend of modernized agriculture. This paper aimed to study the effect of water-saving irrigation on soil CO2 and N2O emissions. The field experiments were conducted under micro sprinkler irrigation of integrated water and fertilizer (MSI) and conventional flooding irrigation (FI) in winter wheat growth season in the west of North China Plain during 2013-2014 using the static chamber method. This paper analyzed the seasonal variation of soil CO2 and N2O emissions under MSI and FI, and then compared the soil CO2 and N2O emissions from treatments located in different vertical distance away from micro sprinkler pipe. Root exclusion was used to estimate the components of soil respiration and agricultural carbon sequestration intensity under MSI and FI in winter wheat field. The results indicated that: 1 The average soil CO2 emissions under MSI and FI were 418.19 mg·(m2·h)-1 and 372.14 mg·(m2·h)-1 respectively with no significant difference, and cumulative CO2 emissions under MSI and FI were 2150.6 g·m-2 and 1904.6 g·m-2, respectively. 2 During returning green stage to harvest stage of winter wheat, the highest soil CO2 cumulative emissions were found at the closest site to the micro sprinkler irrigated pipes under MSI. However, there were no significant differences among spatial treatments. 3 Under MSI and FI, soil heterotrophic respiration (C) was 468.49 g·m-2 and 427.31 g·m-2, and the net primary productivity (C) was 1988.21 g·m-2 and 1770.54 g·m-2; the carbon sink (C) during winter wheat growing season was 1519.72 g·m-2 and 1343.24 g·m-2, respectively. 4 The average N2O emissions under MSI and FI were 50.77 μg·(m2·h)-1 and 28.81 μg·(m2·h)-1 respectively with no significant difference. Cumulative N2O emission under MSI and FI was 272.67 mg·m-2 and 154.08 mg·m-2, respectively. 5 During returning green stage to harvest stage of winter wheat, the farther the distance away from the micro sprinkler irrigated pipes, the smaller the soil N2O emissions. Moreover, there were no significant differences among sptial treatments under MSI. Therefore, despite of the increase of soil CO2 and N2O emissions, the intensity of carbon sink increased during the transformation from traditional flood irrigation to micro sprinkler irrigation in winter wheat fields. |
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