| 亚热带农区生态沟渠对农业径流中氮素迁移拦截效应研究 |
| 摘要点击 2789 全文点击 1037 投稿时间：2015-10-10 修订日期：2015-12-23 |
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| 中文关键词 生态沟渠 农业面源污染 氮 拦截 绿狐尾藻 |
| 英文关键词 ecological ditch non-point agriculture pollution nitrogen interception Myriophyllum aquaticum |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王迪 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | wang_d_123@sina.com | | 李红芳 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 刘锋 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | liufeng@isa.ac.cn | | 王毅 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 钟元春 | 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128 | | | 何洋 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 肖润林 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 吴金水 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以我国亚热带农业面源污染防控工程——生态沟渠为研究对象,在2013~2014年对其径流量和每月进出口水质中NH4+-N、NO3--N和TN的质量浓度进行监测,通过分析生态沟渠在不同时间段对不同形态氮素的去除差异,探讨了生态沟渠对面源污染中氮素迁移的拦截效应.结果表明,2 a内生态沟渠对NH4+-N、NO3--N和TN的平均去除率分别为77.8%、58.3%和48.7%; 拦截量分别为38.4、59.6和171.1 kg·a-1; 进水中无机态氮NO3--N和NH4+-N之和占TN质量分数的平均值为47.5%,出水中平均值为33.6%,比进水显著降低(P<0.01).2014年生态沟渠中水生植物全部改种为绿狐尾藻后,对NO3--N和TN的拦截率比2013年分别增加了30.5%和18.2%,表明种植绿狐尾藻进一步提升了生态沟渠对氮素的拦截能力.可见,生态沟渠对农区地表径流中氮素迁移有较好的拦截作用,可作为一项重要的农业面源氮污染防控技术. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Interception effects of an ecological ditch, used to control agricultural non-point source pollution in subtropical China, on nitrogen transport in surface runoff were studied by monthly measuring the runoff volume and concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and total nitrogen (TN) at the ditch inlet and outlet from 2013 to 2014. In addition, differences of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN removal were compared between 2013 and 2014. The results showed that the study ecological ditch worked effectively in N removal with average NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN removal rates of 77.8%, 58.3%, and 48.7%; and their interception rates were 38.4, 59.6,and 171.1 kg·a-1, respectively. The average proportion of NH4+-N and NO3--N in TN was 47.5% at inlet, and 33.6% at outlet, which was significantly lower than that at inlet (P <0.01). All hydrophytes in the ecological ditch were replaced by Myriophyllum aquaticum in 2014, which led to the increased average NO3--N and TN removal rates of 30.5% and 18.2%, respectively, Compared to in 2013. The vegetation of Myriophyllum aquaticum was beneficial to the improvement of N interception in ecological ditch. These findings clearly demonstrated that ecological ditch can substantially reduce N loss from surface runoff and be used as an important technique to prevent agricultural non-point N pollution. |
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