| 短期保护性耕作措施对大豆-冬小麦轮作系统温室气体排放的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2397 全文点击 981 投稿时间：2015-08-07 修订日期：2015-12-07 |
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| 中文关键词 保护性耕作 土壤-作物系统 温室气体 CO2 N2O |
| 英文关键词 conservation tillage soil-crop system greenhouse gases CO2 N2O |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 谢燕 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | XieYanNJY@qq.com | | 陈曦 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 胡正华 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | zhhu@nuist.edu.cn | | 陈书涛 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | chenstyf@aliyun.com | | 张寒 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 凌慧 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 申双和 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过田间试验,在大豆和冬小麦生长季,进行常规翻耕(conventional tillage, T)、免耕(no-tillage with no straw cover, NT)、常规翻耕+秸秆(conventional tillage with straw cover, TS)、免耕+秸秆(no-till with straw cover, NTS)4种耕作措施处理,采用静态箱-气相色谱法测定土壤-作物系统CO2和N2O排放通量. 结果表明:在大豆生长季,与T相比,NTS在开花-结荚期显著增加了CO2累积排放量(P=0.045),增幅达27.9%; NT在鼓粒-成熟期显著降低了CO2累积排放量(P=0.043),降幅达28.9%. 与T相比,NT在鼓粒-成熟期的N2O累积排放量降低了28.3% (P=0.042). 在冬小麦生长季,与T相比,TS、NT在拔节-孕穗期使CO2累积排放量降低了24.3% (P=0.032)和36.0% (P=0.041),在成熟期降低了26.8% (P=0.027)和33.1% (P=0.038). 在返青期,NT、NTS、TS的N2O累积排放量与T比较均没有明显差异,NTS比NT的N2O累积排放量降低了42.0% (P=0.035). 可见,保护性耕作措施对土壤-作物系统CO2排放的影响较大,对N2O排放的影响不明显. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Field experiments including one soybean growing season and one winter-wheat growing season were adopted. The experimental field was divided into four equal-area sub-blocks which differed from each other only in tillage managements, which were conventional tillage (T), no-tillage with no straw cover (NT), conventional tillage with straw cover (TS), and no-tillage with straw cover (NTS). CO2 and N2O emission fluxes from soil-crop system were measured by static chamber-gas chromatograph technique. The results showed that: compared with T, in the soybean growing season, NTS significantly increased the cumulative amount of CO2 (CAC) from soil-soybean system by 27.9% (P=0.045) during the flowering-podding stage, while NT significantly declined CAC by 28.9% (P=0.043) during the grain filling-maturity stage. Compared with T, NT significantly declined the cumulative amount of N2O (CAN) by 28.3% (P=0.042) during the grain filling-maturity stage. In the winter-wheat growing season, compared with T, TS and NT significantly declined CAC by 24.3% (P=0.032) and 36.0% (P=0.041) during the elongation-booting stage, and also declined CAC by 26.8% (P=0.027) and 33.1% (P=0.038) during the maturity stage. During the turning-green stage, compared with T treatment, NT, NTS, and TS treatments had no significant effect on CAN, while NTS significant declined CAN by 42.0% (P=0.035) compared with NT. Our findings suggested that conservation tillage managements had a more significant impact on CO2 emission than N2O emission from soil-crop system. |
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