| 增温及秸秆施用对冬小麦田土壤呼吸和酶活性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2679 全文点击 1165 投稿时间：2015-08-15 修订日期：2015-09-28 |
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| 中文关键词 增温 秸秆施用 土壤呼吸 酶活性 冬小麦 |
| 英文关键词 warming straw application soil respiration enzyme activity winter wheat |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究增温及秸秆施用对冬小麦田土壤呼吸和酶活性的影响,于2014-11~2015-05进行田间试验. 设置对照、 增温、 秸秆施用、 增温及秸秆施用这4个处理,观测了不同处理下土壤呼吸、 土壤温度、 土壤湿度(体积含水量)的季节动态,并在拔节期、 孕穗期、 扬花期观测了不同处理下的土壤脲酶、 转化酶、 过氧化氢酶活性. 结果表明,对照、 增温、 秸秆施用、 增温及秸秆施用这4个处理的季节平均土壤呼吸速率分别为1.46、 1.96、 1.92、 2.45 μmol ·(m2 ·s)-1. 方差分析表明,增温处理与对照、 秸秆施用处理与对照、 增温及秸秆施用处理与对照3对处理之间的季节平均土壤呼吸速率均存在显著差异(P < 0.05). 不同处理下土壤呼吸与土壤温度的关系均可用指数回归方程拟合,指数回归方程可分别解释对照、 增温、 秸秆施用、 增温及秸秆施用这4个处理土壤呼吸34.3%、 28.1%、 24.6%、 32.0%的变异. 增温、 秸秆施用比对照处理显著(P < 0.05)提高了脲酶、 转化酶、 过氧化氢酶活性. 土壤呼吸与脲酶活性存在线性回归关系,其P值为0.061,接近显著水平; 土壤呼吸与转化酶(P=0.013)、 过氧化氢酶活性(P=0.002)均存在极显著的线性回归关系. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to investigate the effects of warming and straw application on soil respiration and enzyme activity, a field experiment was performed from November 2014 to May 2015. Four treatments, which were control (CK), warming, straw application, and warming and straw application, were arranged in field. Seasonal variability in soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture for different treatments were measured. Urease, invertase, and catalase activities for different treatments were measured at the elongation, booting, and anthesis stages. The results showed that soil respiration in different treatments had similar seasonal variation patterns. Seasonal mean soil respiration rates for the CK, warming, straw application, and warming and straw application treatments were 1.46, 1.96, 1.92, and 2.45 μmol ·(m2 ·s)-1, respectively. ANOVA indicated that both warming and straw applications significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced soil respiration compared to the control treatment. The relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature in different treatments fitted with the exponential regression function. The exponential regression functions explained 34.3%, 28.1%, 24.6%, and 32.0% variations of soil respiration for CK, warming, straw application, and warming and straw application treatments, respectively. Warming and straw applications significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced urease, invertase, and catalase activities compared to CK. The relationship between soil respiration and urease activity fitted with a linear regression function, with the P value of 0.061. The relationship between soil respiration and invertase (P=0.013), and between soil respiration and catalase activity (P=0.002) fitted well with linear regression functions. |
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