| 起源喀斯特溶洞湿地稻田与旱地土壤的微生物数量、生物量及土壤酶活性比较 |
| 摘要点击 3282 全文点击 1432 投稿时间：2015-06-03 修订日期：2015-08-07 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 土地利用 喀斯特溶洞湿地系统 稻田湿地 旱地 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词 land-use karst cave wetland system paddy field dryland soil microbe |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 靳振江 | 桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室, 桂林 541004
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 国土资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 桂林 541004
桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | zhenjiangjinjin@163.com | | 曾鸿鹄 | 桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室, 桂林 541004
桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | | | 李强 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 国土资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 桂林 541004 | qiangli@163.com | | 程亚平 | 桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室, 桂林 541004
桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | | | 汤华峰 | 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | | | 李敏 | 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | | | 黄炳富 | 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 桂林 541004 | |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 本研究的目的是比较起源于天然湿地的稻田湿地与旱地土壤微生物特征的差异. 以桂林会仙喀斯特溶洞湿地系统内的稻田湿地、天然湿地和旱地表层(0~20 cm)土壤为研究对象,采用平板菌落计数法与氯仿熏蒸提取法和试剂盒提取法分别测定微生物数量与微生物生物量和微生物DNA,采用比色法测定土壤酶活性. 结果表明,稻田湿地的细菌数量为(4.36±2.25)×107 CFU ·g-1,显著高于天然湿地和旱地; 稻田湿地和旱地的真菌数量分别为(6.41±2.16)×104 CFU ·g-1和(6.52±1.55)×104 CFU ·g-1,显著高于天然湿地,而旱地的放线菌数量为(2.65±0.72)×106 CFU ·g-1,显著高于天然湿地. 稻田湿地微生物DNA质量分数为(11.92±3.69) μg ·g-1,显著高于旱地. 稻田湿地的蔗糖酶活性为(66.87±18.61) mg ·(g ·24 h)-1,显著高于旱地,天然湿地的碱性磷酸酶活性为(2.07±0.99) mg ·(g ·2 h)-1,显著高于旱地. 统计分析显示,碱性磷酸酶活性、微生物生物量碳和微生物DNA质量分数与土壤pH、土壤有机碳、总氮、碱解氮、土壤水分、交换性Ca2+和交换性Mg2+呈显著的正相关关系,蔗糖酶活性与前4种土壤因子也呈显著的正相关关系. 以上结果表明,微生物生物量和微生物功能活性对会仙喀斯特溶洞湿地土地利用方式变化的反应比较敏感,土壤含水量、pH、Ca2+和Mg2+等理化因子与土壤有机碳等养分是影响土壤微生物数量和活性的主要因子. 鉴于天然湿地和稻田湿地土壤微生物特征的相似性,把适量稻田湿地作为一种特殊的人工湿地在喀斯特湿地系统的缓冲区和实验区中加以保留并加以保护较为合理. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The purpose of this study is to compare microbial number, microbial biomass as well as soil enzyme activity between paddy field and dryland originated karst wetland ecosystems. The soil samples (0-20 cm) of uncultivated wetland, paddy field and dryland were collected in Huixian karst cave wetland, Guilin, China. Microbial numbers and biomass were detected using dilute plate incubation counting and chloroform fumigation-extraction, respectively. Microbial DNA was extracted according to the manufacturer's instructions of the kit. Microbial activity was examined using soil enzyme assays as well. The result showed that the bacteria number in paddy filed was (4.36±2.25)×107 CFU ·g-1, which was significantly higher than those in wetland and dryland. Fungi numbers were (6.41±2.16)×104 CFU ·g-1 in rice paddy and (6.52±1.55)×104 CFU ·g-1 in wetland, which were higher than that in dryland. Actinomycetes number was (2.65±0.72)×106 CFU ·g-1 in dryland, which was higher than that in wetland. Microbial DNA concentration in rice paddy was (11.92±3.69) μg ·g-1, which was higher than that in dryland. Invertase activity was (66.87±18.61) mg ·(g ·24 h)-1 in rice paddy and alkaline phosphatase activity was (2.07±0.99) mg ·(g ·2 h)-1 in wetland, both of which were higher than those in dryland. Statistical analysis showed there was a significant positive correlation of microbial DNA content, alkaline phosphatase activity and microbial carbon with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil moisture, exchangeable Ca2+ and exchangeable Mg2+, as well as a significant positive correlation of intervase activity with the former three microbial factors. The above results indicated that microbial biomass and function responded much more sensitively to land-use change than microbial number in karst cave wetland system. Soil moisture, SOC and some factors induced by land-use change could affect mainly microbiological characteristics. We suggest that rice paddy, a kind of constructed wetland, should be kept and protected in experimental area or buffer area of Huixian karst cave wetland in the light of its similar property with the natural wetland. |
|
|
|
