| 钱塘江(杭州段)表层水中全氟化合物的残留水平及分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 3039 全文点击 1794 投稿时间：2015-06-23 修订日期：2015-07-16 |
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| 中文关键词 全氟化合物 表层水 钱塘江 污染特征 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 |
| 英文关键词 PFCs surface water Qiantang River pollution characteristics UPLC-MS/MS |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究钱塘江(杭州段)表层水中全氟化合物(PFCs)的污染特征,应用固相萃取净化、富集与超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用相结合的方法,对14个监测断面采集于2014年7月和2015年1月的表层水样品中16种PFCs进行了分析,研究其残留水平和分布规律. 监测结果显示钱塘江(杭州段)表层水有8种PFCs不同程度的检出,包括C4和C8全氟烷基磺酸以及C4~C9全氟烷基羧酸,均为中短链PFCs.∑PFCs质量浓度范围为0.98~609 ng ·L-1,其中全氟辛酸(PFOA)质量浓度范围0.59~538 ng ·L-1,为主要污染因子,全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)检出浓度较低,为0~2.48 ng ·L-1. 污染物空间分布略有差异,位于上游兰江的兰江口和将军岩断面检出浓度较高,总体上呈现上游高于下游的趋势. 特征组分含量比率显示流域内工业污废水排放是水体中PFCs残留的主要来源. 钱塘江(杭州段)水体中PFCs污染与钱塘江流域上游产业布局密切相关,主要污染输入来自上游兰江,沿途吸纳的含PFCs的污废水对水体污染有一定影响. 研究结果表明钱塘江水体中存在着广泛的PFCs特别是PFOA污染,需要有关部门引起足够的重视. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study studied the pollution characteristics of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in Qiantang River in Hangzhou section (QR). Surface water samples, collected in July 2014 and January 2015 from 14 sites in QR were analyzed for 16 PFCs. All samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction with Oasis WAX cartridges and analyzed using the ultra performance liquid chromatography interfaced to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that 8 medium-and short-chain PFCs including C4 and C8 perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs) and C4-C9 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) were detected in the surface waters. The total concentrations of PFCs ranged from 0.98 to 609 ng ·L-1, while perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) dominated, with range of 0.59-538 ng ·L-1, and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was detected at lower levels, ranging from 0 to 2.48 ng ·L-1. The spatial distribution of PFCs varied, and the pollutant concentrations at the sampling sites located in upstream of the river such as Lanjiangkou and Jiangjunyan were relatively high,∑PFCs concentration showed a decreasing trend from the upstream to the downstream. According to the ratio of feature components, PFCs in surface water of QR originated largely from the input of direct sewage emissions. Taken together, the PFCs pollution was highly correlated with the upstream of Qiantang River valley's industry distribution, and most of the mass load in the investigated river was attributed to upstream running water with a minor influence from the wastewater discharges along the river basin. Overall, the results presented here indicated that greater attention should be given to the contamination of PFCs, especially for PFOA in water body of QR. |
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