| 改良剂对4种木本植物的铅锌耐性、亚细胞分布和化学形态的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2044 全文点击 837 投稿时间：2015-02-26 修订日期：2015-04-28 |
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| 中文关键词 改良剂 铅锌 耐性植物 亚细胞分布 化学形态 |
| 英文关键词 modifier concentration lead-zinc tolerant plants subcellular distribution chemical form |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本研究以4种耐铅锌木本植物夹竹桃(Nerium oleander)、栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)、泡桐(Paulownia)和苎麻(Boehmeria)为材料,在不同改良剂浓度下(CK组: 100%铅锌矿渣±少量磷肥、改良一: 85%铅锌矿渣±10%泥炭土±5%菌肥±少量磷肥、改良二: 75%铅锌矿渣±20%泥炭土±5%菌肥±少量磷肥),进行了耐性木本植物富集与转移能力以及Pb、Zn在4种木本植物不同部位的亚细胞分布和化学形态分析. 结果表明: ①4种植物种植后基质中重金属的浓度基本低于种植前,夹竹桃与苎麻改良一与改良二之间差异不显著,泡桐改良二效果显著优于改良一,栾树改良一效果显著优于改良二;4种植物地上部对Pb、Zn的富集系数都比较低,但具有较高的转移系数,适当的基质改良有利于提高植物对Pb、Zn的富集与转移能力. ②Pb、Zn在4种植物各部位的亚细胞分布以细胞壁组分和可溶性组分为主,在线粒体、叶绿体和细胞核等细胞器组分中分布较少;与CK组相比,两改良组使可溶性组分对Pb的滞留作用和细胞壁对Zn的滞留作用在增强. ③Pb在植物各部位的化学形态以盐酸、氯化钠和乙醇提取态为主,其他化学形态含量极少;Zn则以残留态、盐酸、醋酸、氯化钠、水和乙醇提取态这6种形态存在,且都具较高分配比例. 与CK组相比,两改良组使植物各部位活性较弱的Pb的化学形态比例减少,活性较强的化学形态比例增加;Zn则是根部活性较强的化学形态比例增加,地上部活性较强的化学形态比例减少. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Four kinds of lead-zinc tolerant woody plants: Nerium oleander,Koelreuteria paniculata,Paulownia and Boehmeria were used as materials to estimate their enrichment and transferable capacity of lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) and analyze the subcellular distribution and chemical speciation of Zn and Pb in different parts of plants, under different modifier concentrations (CK group: 100% lead-zinc slag plus a small amount of phosphate fertilizer, improved one: 85% of lead-zinc slag±10% peat±5% bacterial manure plus a small amount of phosphate fertilizer, improved two:75% lead-zinc slag±20% peat±5% bacterial manure±a small amount of phosphate).Results showed that: ①The content of Pb,Zn in matrix after planting four kinds of plants was lower than before, no significant difference between improved one and improved two of Nerium oleander andBoehmeria was found, but improved two was better than improved one of Paulownia, while improved one was better than improved two of Koelreuteria paniculata;Four plants had relatively low aboveground enrichment coefficient of Pb and Zn, but had a high transfer coefficient, showed that the appropriate modifier concentration was able to improve the Pb and Zn enrichment and transfer ability of plants.②In subcellular distribution, most of Pb and Zn were distributed in plant cell wall components and soluble components while the distribution in cell organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and nucleus component were less.Compared with CK group, two improved group made soluble components of the cell walls of Pb fixation and retention of zinc role in the enhancement.③ As for the chemical forms of Pb and Zn in plants, the main chemical forms of Pb were hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride and ethanol extractable forms, while other chemical form contents were few, the main chemical forms of Zn were different based on plant type.Compared with CK group, the proportion of the active Pb chemical form in different plant parts decreased in two improved groups, while the proportion of strong activity chemical forms increased;two improved groups led strong activity Zn chemical form of root increased, while strong activity Zn chemical form of aboveground decreased. |
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