| 异化铁还原对土壤中重金属形态转化及其有效性影响 |
| 摘要点击 2779 全文点击 2017 投稿时间：2015-02-26 修订日期：2015-04-14 |
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| 中文关键词 异化铁还原 重金属 形态转化 生物可给性 土壤 |
| 英文关键词 dissimilatory iron reduction heavy metal form transformation bioavailability soil |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 铁的微生物还原是以Fe(Ⅲ)为末端电子受体在厌氧条件下氧化有机物的产能过程,在生物地球化学循环中起着重要的作用. 铁呼吸被认为是地球上最古老的微生物代谢形式,与水体、土壤及沉积物中物质循环息息相关. 铁的微生物还原对土壤中重金属形态转化有显著影响,对修复重金属及放射性核素污染的场地有着重要意义. 本文综合评述了近年来铁微生物还原研究进展,从生态安全和可持续发展角度,探讨了异化铁还原对重金属的形态改变及重金属污染土壤修复的潜在价值,并对其应用前景进行客观分析. 异化铁还原对重金属形态转化的影响机制,可初步归纳为异化铁还原对重金属的氧化还原作用、对重金属的甲基化作用、对重金属的固定作用,其作用机制包含生物过程和化学作用的相互穿插,值得进一步深入研究. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Fe(Ⅲ) dissimilatory reduction by microbes is an important process of producing energy in the oxidation of organic compounds under anaerobic condition with Fe(Ⅲ) as the terminal electron acceptor and Fe(Ⅱ) as the reduction product. This process is of great significance in element biogeochemical cycle. Iron respiration has been described as one of the most ancient forms of microbial metabolism on the earth, which is bound up with material cycle in water, soil and sediments. Dissimilatory iron reduction plays important roles in heavy metal form transformation and the remediation of heavy metal and radionuclide contaminated soils. In this paper, we summarized the research progress of iron reduction in the natural environment, and discussed the influence and the mechanism of dissimilatory iron reduction on the speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. The effects of dissimilatory iron reduction on the speciation of heavy metals may be attributed to oxidation and reduction, methytation and immobilization of heavy metals in relation to their bioavailability in soils. The mechanisms of Fe(Ⅲ) dissimilatory reduction on heavy metal form transformation contain biological and chemical interactions, but the mode of interaction remains to be further investigated. |
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