| 电镀厂周边环境中重金属分布特征及人体健康暴露风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 3604 全文点击 1621 投稿时间：2015-02-15 修订日期：2015-04-27 |
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| 中文关键词 电镀厂 重金属 土壤 空气 人体健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 electroplating factories heavy metals soil air human health risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以广州市白云区两电镀厂为研究对象,采集电镀厂车间废气和周围空气及土壤样品,分析了样品中重金属 (包括Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn和类重金属As、Hg) 含量分布,分别应用地累积指数(Igeo)和US EPA的RAGS风险评估模型,对土壤中重金属污染程度、空气和土壤中重金属人体健康风险进行评价. 结果表明,车间废气中Hg和Pb,空气中Cr分别高于相应标准限值, 土壤中Cd、Hg和Zn达到中等污染程度. 土壤和空气中重金属暴露的非致癌风险指数HQ和HI均<1, 非致癌健康风险可忽略. 土壤中As和Cr的致癌风险>10-4, 高于最大可接受风险水平, CRCr对TCR贡献率>81%. 空气中Cr和Ni的致癌风险CR和TCR在10-6~10-4, 存在致癌风险可能但低于最大可接受风险水平. 土壤中重金属对儿童暴露的CR明显高于成人, 而空气中重金属对成人暴露的CR值明显较高.相关分析表明土壤中重金属与废气中重金属含量密切相关, 主成分分析表明土壤中达到中等污染的重金属来源可能不同于其它重金属. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study aimed to investigate the pollution degree and human health risk of heavy metals in soil and air samples around electroplating factories. Soil, air and waste gas samples were collected to measure 8 heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in two electroplating factories, located in Baiyun district of Guangzhou city. Geoaccumulation index and USEPA Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS) were respectively carried out. Results showed that concentrations of Hg and Pb in waste gas and Cr in air samples were higher than limits of the corresponding quality standards, and concentrations of Cd, Hg and Zn in soil samples reached the moderate pollution level. The HQ and HI of exposure by heavy metals in air and soil samples were both lower than 1, indicating that there was no non-carcinogen risk. CRAs and CRCr in soil samples were beyond the maximum acceptable level of carcinogen risk (10-4), and the contribution rate of CRCr to TCR was over 81%. CRCr, CRNi and TCR in air samples were in range of 10-6-10-4, indicating there was possibly carcinogen risk but was acceptable risk. CR values for children were higher than adults in soils, but were higher for adults in air samples. Correlation analysis revealed that concentrations of heavy metals in soils were significantly correlated with these in waste gas samples, and PCA data showed pollution sources of Cd, Hg and Zn in soils were different from other metals. |
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