| 滨海区芦苇和香蒲耐盐碱性及除氮磷效果对比研究 |
| 摘要点击 2212 全文点击 1104 投稿时间：2014-09-29 修订日期：2014-11-28 |
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| 中文关键词 芦苇 香蒲 耐盐碱性 氮 磷 滨海河口区 |
| 英文关键词 Phragmites australis Typha angustifolia salt-alkaline resistance nitrogen phosphorus coastal estuary area |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 滨海河口区水体盐碱含量高,生态景观萧条,亟需筛选既能耐盐碱又能有效去除氮磷的植物. 通过水培实验研究了盐碱胁迫下,芦苇、香蒲的耐受性及对水体中氮、磷的去除率. 结果表明,芦苇至少能够耐受10‰的盐度和高达8.5的pH,香蒲能耐受的盐度为7.5‰、pH为8.0,结合生长、生理指标(叶片相对电导率、脯氨酸、叶绿素和根系活力)的变化,芦苇耐盐碱性强于香蒲; 盐胁迫下,芦苇对氨氮去除率相对较高,由于香蒲生物量较高,对硝氮、总磷去除效果好,分别比芦苇高2.5%、7.3%,对总氮去除两者相当; 碱胁迫下,芦苇耐碱性较强,对氨氮、总磷的去除效果较香蒲稍好,而香蒲对总氮的去除率比芦苇高8.2%. 综上所述,芦苇、香蒲可作为修复滨海高盐碱水体生态景观的备选植物. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The salt and alkali contents were so high that the ecological landscape was depressed in water body of a coastal estuary area. Screening some plants which could not only tolerate saline-alkaline but also effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus was therefore in urgent need. The tolerance range and removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus by Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia under salt and pH stress were investigated by hydroponic experiments. The results showed that Phragmites australis could tolerate at least 10‰ salinity and pH 8.5, while Typha angustifolia tolerated 7.5‰ salinity and pH 8.0. Combined with the change of the growth and physiological indexes (relative conductivity, proline, chlorophyll and root activity), the salt resistance of Phragmites australis was stronger than that of Typha angustifolia. Under salt stress, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen of Phragmites australis was higher. The removal rates of nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus of Typha angustifolia were 2.5% and 7.3% higher than those of Phragmites australis in average, respectively, because of the high biomass of Typha angustifolias. The total nitrogen removal rate was equivalent. Under pH stress, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus of Phragmites australis was a little higher than that of Typha angustifolia. However, Typha angustifolia had a higher removal rate of total nitrogen, which was 8.2% higher than that of Phragmites australis. All the analysis showed that both Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia could be used as alternative plants to grow and remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the high salt-alkaline water body in coastal estuary area. |
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