| 艾比湖表层沉积物重金属的来源、污染和潜在生态风险研究 |
| 摘要点击 2944 全文点击 1413 投稿时间：2014-05-30 修订日期：2014-10-08 |
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| 中文关键词 艾比湖 表层沉积物 重金属 污染评价 潜在生态风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 Aibi Lake surface sediments heavy metals pollution assessment potential ecological risk evaluation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以艾比湖为研究对象,通过采集表层沉积物样品,测定其中8种重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cd) 的含量,然后结合多种方法分析了其来源、污染状况及潜在生态风险. 结果表明:①从偏度上看艾比湖表层沉积物中8种重金属的大小顺序为:Hg>Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Cr>Ni. ②多元统计分析表明8 种重金属元素可以辨识为 2个主成分; PC1为人为源因子,包括Cd、Pb、Hg和Zn,主要来源于各种农业污染; PC2为自然源因子,包括Cu、Ni、Cr和As,主要受自然地质背景控制. ③地积累指数评价表明8种重金属的污染程度由高到低为:Cd>Hg>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Ni>Cr,在所有采样点中Pb、Cd和Hg均属于轻度和偏中度污染,Zn、As、Cr、Ni和Cu在大多数样点为无污染水平. ④潜在生态风险评估表明,沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险主要由Cd、Hg和Pb引起,三者贡献分别为42.6%、28.6%和24.0%,Cd是最主要的生态风险因子,其次是Hg、Pb,各采样点中8种重金属的潜在生态风险指数(RI)均小于150,为低的生态风险. 研究表明总体看艾比湖表层沉积物中重金属含量较少,生态风险较低,但重金属Cd、Pb的含量较高. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this paper, the surface sediment samples were harvested from Aibi Lake, and total contents of 8 heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Cr, Ni and Cd) were determined. Then the sources, pollution statue, and potential ecological risk were analyzed by using multiple analysis methods. The results show that: ①The order of the skewness for these 8 heavy metals is: Hg>Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Cr>Ni. ②Multivariate statistical analysis shows that 8 heavy metals can be classified to 2 principle components, among which PC1 (Cd, Pb, Hg and Zn) is man-made source factor and mainly came from all kinds of waste of agriculture; PC2 (Cu, Ni, Cr and As) is natural source and was mainly controlled by the background of the natural geography of this area. ③Accumulation of index evaluation results show that the order of pollution degree values of 8 heavy metals in surface sediments of Aibi Lake is: Cd>Hg>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Ni>Cr. In all samples, heavy metals Hg, Cd and Pb all belong to low and partial moderate pollution statue, while Zn, As, Cr, Ni and Cu belong to no pollution statue in majority samples. ④Potential ecological risk assessment results show that the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments of Aibi Lake mainly caused by Cd, Hg and Pb, and they accounting for 42.6%, 28.6% and 24.0% of the total amount, respectively, among which Cd is the main ecological risk factor, followed by Hg and Pb. In all samples, the potential ecological risk index values (RI) of 8 heavy metals are all lower than 150, and they are all at low ecological risk levels. However, this research also shows that there have high content of Cd and Pb in the sediment. Therefore, we should make long-term monitoring of the lake environment. |
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