| 铜、毒死蜱单一与复合暴露对蚯蚓的毒性作用 |
| 摘要点击 2156 全文点击 1195 投稿时间：2014-04-09 修订日期：2014-08-11 |
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| 中文关键词 铜 毒死蜱 复合暴露 蚯蚓 毒性 |
| 英文关键词 Cu chlorpyrifos co-exposure earthworm toxicity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤环境中重金属-农药复合污染已经对土壤生态和人类生存环境构成严重威胁. 其中重金属铜和有机磷农药毒死蜱作为土壤环境中两类常见的污染物,其复合污染的环境效应值得关注. 本文采用OECD标准滤纸接触法、人工土壤法研究了铜-毒死蜱单一及复合暴露对蚯蚓急性致死作用及回避行为的影响. 结果表明,滤纸法和人工土壤法Cu对蚯蚓急性毒性的48 h-LC50和14 d-LC50分别为2.23 μg·cm-2和496.05 mg·kg-1; 而毒死蜱对蚯蚓急性毒性的48 h-LC50和14 d-LC50分别为5.94 μg·cm-2 和186.07 mg·kg-1. 滤纸法和人工土壤法铜、毒死蜱浓度单位配比1:1时,铜、毒死蜱对蚯蚓急性毒性联合作用类型均近似表现为相加作用, 而毒性单位配比1:1的滤纸法和人工土壤法试验结果分别为协同作用和拮抗作用. 回避行为试验结果表明, 铜、毒死蜱对蚯蚓回避行为的联合作用类型为拮抗作用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Combined pollution of heavy metal and pesticide had posed a serious threat to soil ecology and human living environment. As two common types of pollutants in soil environment, the environmental effects of combined pollution of Cu and chlorpyrifos are worth for attention. The acute lethal effects and avoiding behavior of single and co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos on earthworms were analyzed by using the methods of standard OECD filter paper test and artificial soil test. Results showed that the LC50,48 h and LC50,14 dof the acute toxicity of Cu on earthworm in filter paper test and in artificial soil test were 2.23 μg·cm-2 and 496.05mg·kg-1, respectively. The LC50,48 h and LC50,14 dof the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos on earthworm in filter paper test and in artificial soil test were 5.94 μg·cm-2 and 186.07mg·kg-1, respectively. In filter paper test and artificial soil test, the joint acute toxicity of Cu and chlorpyrifos showed an additive effect while the concentration was 1:1. The type of combined effects of co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos was synergistic effect and antagonistic effect in filter paper test and artificial soil test, respectively, while the toxicity was 1:1.The results of avoidance behavior test showed that the joint effect of Cu and chlorpyrifos on the avoidance behavior of earthworms was antagonistic. |
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