| 轻型汽油车CH4和N2O排放因子研究 |
| 摘要点击 2791 全文点击 1458 投稿时间：2014-05-06 修订日期：2014-07-03 |
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| 中文关键词 机动车 温室气体 CH4 N2O 排放因子 |
| 英文关键词 motor vehicle greenhouse gas CH4 N2O emission factor |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 我国的机动车温室气体排放研究多集中于CO2排放，而CH4和N2O排放的相关研究主要是依据欧美开发的模型进行的，缺乏CH4和N2O实车测试的研究. 本研究选取22辆轻型汽油车，利用底盘测功机开展了整车台架测试和采样分析，获得了车辆在NEDC工况下的CH4和N2O排放因子. 结果表明，国Ⅰ~国Ⅳ阶段轻型汽油车CH4平均排放因子分别为0.048、0.048、0.038和0.028 g·km-1，N2O则分别为0.045、0.039、0.026和0.021 g·km-1. 在轻型汽油车单车排放的CO2、CH4和N2O三类温室气体（以CO2当量计）中，CH4和N2O排放的分担率均随排放标准的加严而逐渐降低，其中CH4排放在温室气体排放中不足0.5%，N2O排放分担率在3.03%~6.35%之间. 因此，排放标准的加严可以有效减少CH4和N2O的排放，以减缓机动车排放带来的温室效应. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In China, most of the studies of vehicular greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been focused on CO2 emissions.The investigation of non-CO2 GHGs, e.g. CH4 and N2O, are mainly carried out based on models developed in Europe and the US, and there are few vehicle emission tests for CH4 and N2O.In this study, 22 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) were selected for tailpipe CH4 and N2O tests using chassis dynamometer, and their emission factors were obtained based on the NEDC driving cycle. The results showed that the CH4 emission factors of China Ⅰto China Ⅳ LDGVs were 0.048 g·km-1, 0.048 g·km-1, 0.038 g·km-1 and 0.028 g·km-1, respectively. For N2O, the emission factors of China Ⅰto China Ⅳ were 0.045 g·km-1, 0.039 g·km-1, 0.026 g·km-1 and 0.021 g·km-1, respectively. In the GHGs emissions (in terms of CO2 Eq.) per LDGV, the percentage of CH4 and N2O emissions decreased gradually with tightening of emission standards. The contribution of CH4 emissions was lower than 0.5% in the total emissions, and N2O share rate was between 3.03% and 6.35%. Therefore, tightening emission standards can effectively reduce the CH4 and N2O emissions, to mitigate the greenhouse effects caused by vehicle emissions. |
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