| 长期施用四环素残留猪粪对土壤中耐药菌及抗性基因形成的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3147 全文点击 1657 投稿时间：2013-09-24 修订日期：2013-11-20 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 四环素 耐药菌 抗性基因 PCR R-T PCR |
| 英文关键词 soil tetracycline drug-resistant bacteria resistance gene PCR R-T PCR |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 探讨了长期施用含兽用四环素药物残留的畜禽粪便对土壤环境中耐药菌及抗性基因形成的影响. 分秋季和夏季两次采集苏北黄淮地区沭阳市某养猪场周边长期用含有四环素残留的猪粪作为肥料的耕地土壤，并采集当地没有施加过猪粪的耕地土壤作为对照. 分析样品中耐药菌的组成，同时利用PCR技术研究3种目前常见的四环素抗性基因（tetA、tetC、tetE）. 结果表明，从秋季土壤样品中共分离出59株耐药菌，属于13个菌属，夏季土壤中共分离出35株耐药菌，属于10个菌属，其中致病菌数占总耐药菌数的比例高达38.14%，而对照组中的3株耐药菌只属于一个菌属（Streptomyces）. PCR结果显示所有的耐药菌上都携带了抗性基因，tetC是含量最高的抗性基因. 施用过含有四环素残留猪粪的土壤样品中四环素的残留含量为41.1~61.9μg·kg-1，干土中四环素抗性基因含量为4.63×105~37.42×105 copies·g-1，通过将土壤中四环素的残留量与土壤中抗性基因的量进行拟合，结果发现在一定范围内，四环素残留量与四环素抗性基因量存在着显著的正相关关系. 研究还发现合适的气候条件对耐药菌和抗性基因的形成有较好的促进作用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The effect of residual veterinary tetracycline on the formation of drug-resistant bacteria and corresponding resistance genes was investigated. During the research, the soil with long-term application of pig manure containing residual tetracycline was collected in autumn and summer respectively in the farmland around a certain pig farm in Shuyang City, Huang Huai area, north of Jiangsu province. At the same time, soils without application of pig manure in the farmland of this area were collected as the reference sample. Composition of drug-resistant bacteria in all soil samples was analyzed and three common tetracycline-resistance genes (tetA, tetC, tetE) were studied by PCR as well. During the research, 59 drug-resistant bacteria belonging to 13 bacterial genus respectively were separated from the soil sample collected in autumn while 35 drug- resistant bacteria belonging to 10 bacterial genus respectively were separated from the soil sample collected in summer and as for the reference sample, 3 drug-resistant bacteria belonging to 1 bacterial genus (Streptomyces) were separated with pathogenic bacteria up to 38.14% of total drug- resistant bacteria. PCR result showed that resistance genes were detected in all drug-resistant bacteria and tetC accounted for the most. At the same time, the residual tetracycline in the soil which was in a range of 41.1-61.9μg·kg-1 correlated with the amount of resistance genes (4.63×105-37.42×105 copies·g-1). Besides, the climate was found accelerating the formation of drug-resistant bacteria and resistance genes. |
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