| 北京市冬季灰霾期NMHCs空间分布特征研究 |
| 摘要点击 3334 全文点击 1759 投稿时间：2013-07-01 修订日期：2013-08-20 |
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| 中文关键词 非甲烷烃 灰霾 空间变化 臭氧生成潜势 挥发性有机物 |
| 英文关键词 NMHCs haze spatial variation ozone formation potential VOCs |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 2005年冬季一个典型灰霾期,在北京市城区和郊区选择了6个代表性采样点(北四环、天安门、苹果园、垡头、首都机场和密云)同时采集并分析了非甲烷烃(NMHCs)和NOx样品. 采样期间NMHCs污染水平从高到低依次是:北四环(1101.29 μg·m-3) > 垡头(692.40 μg·m-3) > 天安门(653.28 μg·m-3) > 苹果园(370.27 μg·m-3) > 首都机场(350.36 μg·m-3) > 密云(199.97 μg·m-3),采样期北京大气苯污染较严重. 北京市城区采样点NMHCs/NOx(2.1~6.3)指示采样期北京市大气臭氧峰值浓度受挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)控制; 丙烯等效浓度和臭氧生成潜势均显示,NMHCs的反应性从高到低的次序为:北四环 > 垡头 > 天安门 > 苹果园 > 首都机场 > 密云. 苯/甲苯比值(0.52~0.76)表明北京冬季除机动车污染外,还存在煤燃烧等其它排放源的影响; 异戊烯的区域变化特征表明,北京市冬季异戊烯的人为源有所增加而植物排放减少; 丙烷和丁烷浓度的区域变化表明,北京存在城区液化石油气排放. |
| 英文摘要 |
| NMHCs and NOx samples were simultaneously collected and analyzed in six urban and suburban representative sampling sites (Sihuan, Tian'anmen, Pinguoyuan, Fatou, Beijing Airport and Miyun) during a typical haze period in winter 2005, Beijing. The concentrations of NMHCs during the sampling period in descending order were: Sihuan (1101.29 μg·m-3) > Fatou (692.40μg·m-3) > Tian'anmen (653.28μg·m-3) > Pinguoyuan (370.27μg·m-3) > Beijing Airport (350.36 μg·m-3) > Miyun (199.97μg·m-3). Atmospheric benzene pollution in Beijing was rather serious. The ratio of NMHCs/NOx ranged from 2.1 to 6.3, indicating that the peak ozone concentrations in urban Beijing were controlled by VOCs during the sampling period. Analysis of propylene equivalent concentration and ozone formation potential showed that the NMHCs reactivity descended in the order of Sihuan > Fatou > Tian'anmen > Pinguoyuan > Beijing Airport > Miyun. B/T values (0.52 to 0.76) indicated that besides motor vehicle emission, coal combustion and other emission sources were also the sources of NHMCs in Beijing in winter. The spatial variations of isoprene in Beijing indicated that the contribution of anthropogenic sources to isoprene increased and the emissions by biogenic sources decreased in winter. The spatial variations of propane and butane indicated that LPG emissions existed in the urban region of Beijing. |
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