| 东莞石马河流域重金属污染及生态毒性的时空差异 |
| 摘要点击 4298 全文点击 2274 投稿时间：2012-11-28 修订日期：2013-03-06 |
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| 中文关键词 水质 重金属 发光菌 毒性 土壤 河水-地下水交互作用 |
| 英文关键词 water quality heavy metals luminescent bacteria toxicity soil river-groundwater interaction |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用发光菌毒性测试方法和水样、土壤理化指标分析河水和地下水对发光菌的抑制率时空差异和土壤重金属浓度空间差异及其耦合. 结果表明,旱季(2月)的河水重金属污染较严重,超过了地表水Ⅰ类水质量标准,河水R1的抑制率高达38.34%,为中毒,河水重金属浓度和抑制率从上游至下游呈下降趋势,旱季和雨季(6月)的大部分河水对发光菌的抑制率存在显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.001); 雨季的河水抑制率(R11除外)无显著性差异(P>0.05),R11的抑制率为15.56%,显著高于(P<0.05)同期其他水样. 不同时期的地下水GW4、GW5和GW6抑制率产生了显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.001),GW6的抑制率最高(15.88%),为低毒. Zn、Fe、Mn和Ni与抑制率呈正相关关系(P<0.05或P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.452、0.567、0.726和0.475. 河水-地下水交互作用导致了土壤重金属(Cu、Ni和Zn)污染; 土壤中Cd的污染程度最高,河水中Fe和Mn浓度最高,地下水中Ni污染最严重. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Shima River, a tributary of Dongjiang River, located in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province, has been seriously polluted in the last 30 years. Water samples were collected from the river and the aquifer and the soil samples were collected as well in the wet (June) and dry (February) season to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of water quality in terms of heavy metal concentrations and inhibition rate of the luminescent bacterium (Vibrio fischeri, LUMIStox 300). Heavy metal concentrations and inhibition rate in river water were found decreasing from the upstream to the downstream, with metal concentrations exceeding the national surface water quality standard (Class Ⅰ) for all samples and a highest inhibition of 38.34% (equivalent to moderate toxic) at R1 in the dry season. Significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.001) in the wet and dry season was identified in both metal concentrations and inhibition rate, except at R11, which showed a inhibition rate of 15.56%, higher than those in all other samples in the wet season. Inhibition rate at GW4, GW5 and GW6 showed significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.001) in the two periods, and the highest inhibition rate (15.88%) at GW6 in the dry season was considered as low in toxicity. The positive correlations (P<0.05 or P<0.01) between heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Mn and Ni) and inhibition rate were identified with correlation coefficients of 0.452, 0.567, 0.726 and 0.475, respectively. Heavy metal pollution of soil (Cu, Ni and Zn) near the river was due to the interaction between the river and the groundwater. Cd was heavily accumulated in the soil, while elevated concentrations of Fe and Mn were found in the river and the groundwater was heavily polluted by Ni. |
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