| 有机废弃物堆肥培肥土壤的氮矿化特性研究 |
| 摘要点击 2559 全文点击 1743 投稿时间：2012-09-11 修订日期：2012-11-26 |
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| 中文关键词 有机废弃物 堆肥 土壤 有机态氮 氮矿化 |
| 英文关键词 organic waste compost soil organic nitrogen nitrogen mineralization |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了揭示不同有机废弃物堆肥培肥土壤的有机态氮矿化特性的影响,选取了8种有机废弃物堆肥产品(厨余垃圾、鸡粪、牛粪、菜叶、污泥、番茄残体、生活垃圾、草炭等),分别以0%、5%、15%和30% (质量比)施入土壤,通过室内恒温好气培养试验研究了不同来源堆肥培肥土壤后氮素形态转化的分异规律. 结果表明,随培养时间延长,土壤NH4+-N含量快速下降,而N03--N含量则迅速增加,土壤氮矿化量也均显著增加,并在培养后期趋于稳定. 其中同种堆肥培肥土壤的氮矿化量的提高幅度30%比例处理＞15%比例处理＞5%比例处理堆肥产物; 而相同比例处理中鸡粪堆肥、草炭堆肥和污泥堆肥产物处理氮矿化量相对较高,其中鸡粪堆肥极显著高于其他堆肥产物处理. 而厨余垃圾堆肥和菜叶堆肥产物处理氮矿化量较低,其中生活垃圾堆肥产物处理最低. 8种不同有机废弃物堆肥均可提高土壤氮的潜在矿化势(N0)和矿化速率(k),促进土壤中有机态氮的矿化. 研究结果证实,堆肥产物培肥土壤后,氮矿化的效应因堆肥种类不同和施入堆肥量不同而异. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A laboratory aerobic incubation experiment was conducted under a constant temperature to investigate the differentiation rule of nitrogen form among soils amended with different organic wastes composted with food waste, chicken manure, cow manure, domestic waste, vegetable residue, sludge, turf and tomato residue. Experiment utilized soils amended with 0%、5% and 50% (m/m) of eight organic waste composts. The purpose was to understand the effect of different organic wastes on nitrogen mineralization in soil. This study deals with eight organic waste compost treatments could rapidly increase NH4+-N concentrations, reduce the N03--N concentrations and promote nitrogen mineralization in soil after 3-4 weeks incubation. All parameter tended to be stable. The improved amplitude of the same compost-amended soil: 30%compost treatments＞15%compost treatments＞5%compost treatments. Within the same proportion, chicken manure compost, turf compost and sludge compost product treatments' relative N mineralization was higher than other compost product treatments, and the chicken manure compost treatment's relative N mineralization was significantly higher than other compost product treatments. Food waste compost and vegetable residue compost product treatments' mineralization was low, the lowest was domestic waste compost product treatment. All compost treatments could significantly improve the values of potentially mineralizable nitrogen(N0), mineralization rate (k), and promote nitrogen mineralization in soil. The results illustrated that the effect of organic waste compost on the mineralization of nitrogen varied with types of compost and the amount of input compost. |
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