| 黄山降水酸度及电导率特征分析 |
| 摘要点击 1715 全文点击 872 投稿时间：2012-08-10 修订日期：2012-10-12 |
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| 中文关键词 黄山 降水酸度 pH值 电导率 |
| 英文关键词 Mt. Huang precipitation acidity pH conductivity |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 石春娥 | 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥 230031
中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京 100029 | Chun.e.shi@gmail.com | | 邓学良 | 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥 230031 | | | 吴必文 | 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥 230031 | | | 洪杰 | 黄山气象管理处,黄山 242709 | | | 张苏 | 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥 230031 | | | 杨元建 | 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥 230031 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解黄山降水酸碱度和污染程度的总体特征,对2006~2011年黄山光明顶气象站常规监测的降水pH值和电导率进行了统计分析,结果表明:1该地区降水pH年均值在4.81~5.57,2009年之前,降水酸度加强,之后酸度减弱; 降水平均pH值冬季最低(4.78),夏季最高(5.33); 出现频率最高的降水事件为弱酸性到中性,总酸雨频率为46%,酸性降水累积雨量约占总雨量的45%. 2年均降水电导率在16.91~27.84 μS·cm-1,无明显年变化趋势. 电导率在15 μS·cm-1以下的降水发生频率最高,其次是15~25 μS·cm-1之间. 2010年2月~2011年12月,按日进行降水平行采样、存储、运送到实验室进行pH值与电导率测定和离子成分分析,对此期间的现场测定与实验室测定的两组pH值、电导率进行了比较分析. 结果表明:1两组pH值间、两组电导率间都显著相关,但从山上现场到实验室,降水pH值向中性方向偏移,偏移幅度与降雨量和现场pH值有关,电导率的变化量与总离子浓度有关; 现场pH值与电导率之间存在显著的负相关(r=-0.51). 2使用一次性采样袋采样,pH值偏差变小,电导率之间相关性更强,两组pH与电导率间都存在明显的负相关. 与中东部其他高山站的观测结果相比,黄山降水酸度弱,离子污染程度轻. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the general characteristics of pH distribution and pollution in precipitation at Mt. Huang, statistical analyses were conducted for the routine measurements of pH and conductivity (K) at Mt. Huang during 2006-2011. The results showed that: 1 Over the period of study, the annual volume weighted mean (VWM) precipitation pH varied from 4.81 to 5.57, with precipitation acidity strengthening before 2009 and weakening thereafter. The precipitation acidity showed evident seasonal variations, with the VWM pH lowest in winter (4.78), and highest in summer (5.33). The occurrence frequency of acid rain was 46%, accounting for 45% of total rainfalls and with the most frequent pH falling into weak acid to neutral rain. 2 The annual VWM K varied from 16.91 to 27.84 μS·cm-1, with no evident trend. As for ions pollution, the precipitation was relatively clean at Mt. Huang, with the most frequent K range being below 15 μS·cm-1, followed by 15-25 μS·cm-1. From February 2010 to December 2011, precipitation samples were collected on daily basis for ions analysis, as well as pH and K measurement in lab. Detailed comparisons were conducted between the two sets of pH and K, one set from field measurement and the other from lab measurement. The results indicated: 1The lab measured pH (K) was highly correlated with the field pH (K); however, the lab pH tended to move towards neutral comparing with the corresponding field pH, and the shift range was closely correlated with the field pH and rainfall. The shift range of K from field to lab was highly correlated with the total ion concentration of precipitation. The field K showed evident negative correlation with the field pH with a correlation coefficient of -0.51. 2 When sampling with nylon-polyethylene bags, the statistics showed smaller bias between two sets of pH, with higher correlation coefficient between two sets of K. Furthermore, the lab K also showed evident negative correlation with the lab pH. Comparing with the observations at other alpine sites in central to eastern China, the natural precipitation at Mt. Huang was weaker in acidity and contains lower ion concentration. |
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