| 绿色木霉改性玉米秸秆溢油吸附剂的制备及其性能研究 |
| 摘要点击 1662 全文点击 1028 投稿时间：2012-06-29 修订日期：2012-09-02 |
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| 中文关键词 玉米秸秆 绿色木霉 固态发酵 溢油吸附剂 |
| 英文关键词 corn stalk Trichoderma viride solid-state fermentation oil spill sorbent |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用绿色木霉对玉米秸秆进行固态发酵,通过单因素改性实验(改性时间、固液比和改性温度)制备溢油吸附剂TCS(Trichoderma viride modified corn stalk),并模拟溢油环境测定TCS的吸油量. 研究表明,25℃下,改性6 d、固液比1∶4时,制得的TCS吸油量最大,达到13.84 g·g-1,相对原材料RCS(Raw corn stalk,吸油量为6.58g·g-1)提高了110.33%. 对RCS和TCS进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析显示制得的TCS表面变得更加粗糙; 傅里叶红外光谱分析(FT-IR)表明玉米秸秆纤维素组分被部分降解; X射线衍射分析(XRD)得到改性后的材料结晶度降低; 纤维素、半纤维素和木质素等组分测定进一步表明生物改性降低了玉米秸秆中纤维素及半纤维素的含量,这些均说明改性后材料吸油量增加的原因. 吸附动力学及保油性能测试表明,TCS具有快速的吸油速率,80 r·min-1条件下振荡1 h后即达到吸附平衡; 且在吸附饱和后滴淌10 min仍能保持最初吸油量的74.87%,具有良好的保油性能. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This work aims at preparing oil spill sorbent (TCS, Trichoderma viride-modified corn stalk) through solid-state fermentation of corn stalk by Trichoderma viride. Single-factor experiments, including the effect of modification time, solid-liquid ratio of modification and modification temperature, and adsorption experiments simulating oil spill condition, were carried out. The results indicated that the maximum oil adsorption of TCS, 13.84 g·g-1, could be obtained under the conditions of 6 days of modification, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶4 and a modification temperature of 25℃. This oil absorption was 110.33% of that of the raw material (RCS, Raw Corn Stalk). Comparing RCS and TCS by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the results separately showed that TCS had rougher surface, lower cellulose content and higher instability, which explains the increase of oil absorption. Also, the component analysis indicated that bio-modification could reduce the contents of celluloses and hemicelluloses from corn stalk. Besides, sorption kinetics and oil retention performance test showed that, TCS, which could reach adsorption equilibrium after 1h of 80 r·min-1 oscillating, had fast oil adsorption rate, and it also had good oil retention performance, which could keep 74.87% of the initial adsorption rate when trickling 10 min after reaching adsorption equilibrium. |
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