| 象山港国华电厂强增温海域浮游动物群落结构和多样性的时空特征 |
| 摘要点击 2422 全文点击 1184 投稿时间：2012-07-30 修订日期：2012-10-10 |
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| 中文关键词 象山港 电厂 增温 浮游动物 多样性 适应性 网目 |
| 英文关键词 Xiangshan Bay power plant temperature increment zooplankton diversity adaptation mesh size |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探明电厂强增温海域浮游动物群落结构和多样性的时空特征,于2011年在象山港国华电厂附近海域,采用浮游生物Ⅱ型网(网目160 μm)进行10站位2重复的浮游动物季节性采样. 结果表明,共识别出62种浮游动物(含幼体),平均丰度为9531.1 ind·m-3. 该海域浮游动物群落主要由桡足类和浮游幼体类组成,且以浮游幼体类为主,比例高达66.6%. 相似性分析显示,各月间浮游动物群落结构差异极显著(P<0.01),控制群落结构的优势种有18种,最重要的判别种有瘦尾胸刺水蚤Centropages tenuiremis、大同长腹剑水蚤Oithona similis、伪长腹剑水蚤Oithona fallax、克氏纺锤水蚤Acartia clausi、长尾基齿哲水蚤Clausocalanus furcatus、针刺拟哲水蚤Paracalanus aculeatus和小拟哲水蚤Paracalanus parvus. GLM分析显示,月份间的多样性指数也存在极显著差异(P<0.01),经计算,各多样性指数随水温增加而下降的拐点水温范围为20.31~22.31℃. 在断面上,离排水口0.2 km断面(D02)的平均水温比2 km断面高2.16℃. 受温度影响,主要优势种如瘦尾胸刺水蚤和大同长腹剑水蚤倾向于向D02断面移动,克氏纺锤水蚤、尤其是大型浮游动物倾向于远离排水口,并向1.2 km断面聚集,使D02断面的种类数最少(33种)、丰度最低(5522.8 ind·m-3),而1.2 km断面的种类数(53种)和丰度(16491.0 ind·m-3)最高; 同时,D02断面的多样性指数也明显低于其它断面. 经线性回归分析,海域增温使多样性指数极显著下降(P<0.01),每增温1℃浮游动物丰富度下降12.3%. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of the zooplankton community structure and diversity in the strong temperature increment seawaters near a power plant, zooplankton samples were seasonally collected in duplicate by the type Ⅱ net with mesh size of 160 μm at 10 stations near Guohua power plant in Xiangshan Bay in 2011. The results showed that a total of 62 species (including larvae) were identified in the samples, and the average abundance was 9531.1 ind·m-3. In the seawaters, zooplankton communities were mainly composed of copepods and pelagic larvae, and pelagic larvae were the dominant with an average percentage of abundance reached up to 66.6%. Analysis of similarities demonstrated that significant differences existed in zooplankton community structures among different months (P<0.01). In these zooplankton communities, there were 18 dominant species controlling these community structures, among which the most important discriminating species were Centropages tenuiremis, Oithona similis, Oithona fallax, Acartia clausi, Clausocalanus furcatus, Paracalanus aculeatus and Paracalanus parvus. GLM analysis indicated that diversity indices were also significantly different among different months (P<0.01). According to the calculation results, the inflection point, where the diversity index began to decrease with increasing water temperature, fell within 20.31-22.31℃. In sections, the average water temperature in the 0.2 km section (D02), away from the outfall, was 2.16℃ higher than that in the 2 km section. Driven by temperature, the main dominant species such as C. tenuiremis and O. similis tended to move into the 0.2 km section, while A. clause and especially large zooplankton tended to stay away from the outfall, and then gathered in the 1.2 km section. As a result, the number of species (33 species) and abundance (5522.8 ind·m-3) were minimum in the section D02, while the number of species (53 species) and abundance (16491.0 ind·m-3) reached the highest in the 1.2 km section. Meanwhile, diversity indices in the 0.2 km section were also obviously lower than those in other sections. Linear regression analysis showed that the diversity indices significantly decreased with increasing water temperature (P<0.01). The zooplankton richness decreased by 12.3% when the water temperature increased by 1℃. |
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