| 河西走廊及兰州地区典型有机氯农药的大气残留及时空分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 2236 全文点击 1326 投稿时间：2012-06-24 修订日期：2012-08-02 |
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| 中文关键词 有机氯农药 六六六 滴滴涕 大气残留 河西走廊 兰州地区 |
| 英文关键词 organochlorine pesticides hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) atmospheric residual concentration Hexi Corridor Lanzhou |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用PUF大气被动采样器对河西走廊及兰州地区进行了为期1 a,分4个季度的大气样品采集,应用HP6890 Ⅱ GC-ECD对大气中典型有机氯农药六六六(HCHs)和滴滴涕(DDTs)的含量进行了分析. 研究结果表明,河西走廊和兰州地区大气中∑HCHs(α-HCH+β-HCH+γ-HCH+δ-HCH)和∑DDTs(p,p'-DDT+o,p'-DDT+p,p'-DDE+p,p'-DDD)的平均浓度分别为86.22 pg·m-3和34.06 pg·m-3,研究区∑HCHs和∑DDTs的背景浓度平均为54.41 pg·m-3和21.56 pg·m-3,同国内外其它地区相比,污染处于相对较低的水平. 总体而言,∑HCHs和∑DDTs均表现出秋季浓度相对较高(均值分别为127.4 pg·m-3和47.06 pg·m-3)的季节特征,酒泉、安西、张掖三地的HCHs和DDTs污染水平较高,推测与这3个地区的耕地面积和历史使用量较大有关. 源解析表明,研究区内的HCHs主要来源于禁用前的历史残留以及林丹的使用,DDTs来源于工业DDTs的近期使用,部分地区如酒泉和安西可能存在三氯杀螨醇的使用. 河西走廊和兰州地区人群通过呼吸途径对HCHs和DDTs的暴露水平较低. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Air samples were seasonally collected in Hexi Corridor and Lanzhou, Gansu province, using polyurethane foam (PUF) based passive air samplers for a year and determined hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs). Atmospheric concentrations of ∑HCHs (α-HCH+β-HCH+γ-HCH+δ-HCH) and ∑DDTs (p,p'-DDT+o,p'-DDT+p,p'-DDE+p,p'-DDD) were 86.22 pg·m-3 and 34.06 pg·m-3 in Hexi Corridor and Lanzhou with background concentrations of 54.41 pg·m-3 and 21.56 pg·m-3, respectively, which were lower than previously reported values elsewhere. In general, the seasonal pollution characteristics of ∑HCHs and ∑DDTs exhibited higher levels with the average concentrations of 127.4 pg·m-3 and 47.06 pg·m-3 in autumn, respectively. Furthermore, relatively higher residual concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were found in Jiuquan, Anxi and Zhangye, relating to their more arable lands and more intensively historical usage. Source apportionment indicated HCHs were mainly originated from historical technical-HCHs residues and recent Lindane usage. Recently introduced technical-DDTs was highly responsible for DDTs contamination, whereas the higher concentrations of o,p'-DDT observed in Jiuquan and Anxi may be attributed to dicofol usage. In addition, human exposure to HCHs and DDTs in Hexi Corridor and Lanzhou via inhalation could be relatively low. |
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