| 土霉素在鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中的降解及其对相关参数的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2592 全文点击 1343 投稿时间：2012-05-07 修订日期：2012-07-13 |
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| 中文关键词 土霉素 鸡粪 好氧堆肥 参数 腐熟度 |
| 英文关键词 oxytetracycline(OTC) chicken feces aerobic composting parameters maturity |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王桂珍 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081 | wangguizhenxx@163.com | | 李兆君 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081 | zjli@caas.ac.cn | | 张树清 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081 | | | 马晓彤 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081 | | | 梁永超 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了探明四环素类抗生素在鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中的降解及其对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程参数的影响,采用室内好氧堆肥法,以土霉素为四环素类抗生素模式化合物,研究了鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中,不同起始浓度土霉素在鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中的降解及其对堆体温度、pH、发芽指数等指标的影响. 结果表明:1 土霉素在鸡粪堆肥初期(0~10 d)降解较快,随后逐渐减缓.在堆肥开始0~10 d内,添加浓度为25 mg·kg-1处理组土霉素降解最快,去除率达67.43%; 添加浓度为75 mg·kg-1处理组土霉素降解最慢,去除率仅为45.91%.土霉素在各堆肥处理中的降解均符合一级动力学方程,其相关系数介于0.9111~0.9913.2土霉素对鸡粪堆肥过程具有一定的影响.土霉素处理在一定程度上降低了鸡粪堆肥堆体温度升高的速率,缩短了堆肥高温期的时间.3高浓度(100 mg·kg-1)土霉素处理对鸡粪堆肥过程中pH等指标是有影响的,堆肥第42 d时,堆体pH较对照增加4.58％; 堆体TN、WSC分别较对照增加12.62％和49.06％; 堆体NH4+-N较对照增加35.30％.4土霉素能够在一定程度上降低鸡粪堆肥堆体的腐熟度.当土霉素初始添加浓度低于50 mg·kg-1时,对腐熟度没有太大影响,而当土霉素初始浓度>50 mg·kg-1可以显著降低鸡粪堆肥产品的腐熟度,主要表现为NH4+-N/NO3--N>0.5,GI<80%.结果表明,尽管土霉素在鸡粪好氧堆肥中可以快速降解,半衰期仅为1.79~4.88 d,但当鸡粪中土霉素浓度高于50 mg·kg-1即会抑制堆肥过程的顺利进行. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to illustrate the degradation of tetracyclines (TCs) and their influences on process parameters during the period of chicken feces aerobic-composting, the degradation of oxytetracycline(OTC), a kind of TCs and its effects on parameters during the period of chick feces aerobic-composting including temperature, pH, and germination index were investigated using the method of aerobic-composting. The contents of OTC decreased gradually with composting time. The degradation rate was high before 10 d, and then decreased gradually. The differences in OTC degradation among the OTC treatments were also found. The degradation rate of OTC was higher at the level of 25 mg·kg-1, than that of other levels. The degradation curve of OTC could be described by the first-order kinetic model, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9111 to 0.9913. The impacts of OTC on chick feces composting were found. OTC could decrease the rising rate of composting temperature and make the high temperature (≥50℃) period shorter than that of the control. The values of pH, TN, WSC, and the content of NH4+-N of composting were 4.58%, 12.62%, 49.06%, and 35.30% higher than those of the control. The impacts of OTC on maturity of chicken feces composting was not found when the OTC addition contents were lower than 50 mg·kg-1. However, the strong impacts of OTC on maturity of chicken feces composting were found when the OTC addition contents were higher than 50 mg·kg-1. The rates of NH4+-N to NO3--N, and GI were much higher than 0.5 and lower than 80%, respectively. Theses results suggest that OTC have strong impacts on chicken feces composting when the contents of TOC was higher than 50 mg·kg-1, although OTC have the short half-life period ranged from 1.79-4.88 d. |
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