| 印刷电路板(PCB)厂挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放指示物筛选 |
| 摘要点击 2180 全文点击 1912 投稿时间：2012-04-17 修订日期：2012-06-14 |
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| 中文关键词 印刷电路板(PCB) 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 排放特征 指示物 |
| 英文关键词 printed circuit board (PCB) volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) source profile molecular marker |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用VOCs快速测定仪和SUMMA罐采样、GC/MS分析方法,采样分析了上海某工业区3个印刷电路板厂生产车间和废气排放口的VOCs含量水平、组成特征和源成分谱. 结果表明,在9月和12月2次采样期间, A、B、H厂生产车间总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)(9月/12月)最高浓度分别为(2.94/2.01)×10-9、(3.18/1.11)×10-6、(0.70/0.18)×10-9; 废气排放口TVOCs最高浓度则分别为(0.86/0.90)×10-9、(31.2/12.0)×10-6、(1.24/0.30)×10-9. GC/MS分析结果表明,主要检出了烷烃、烯烃、苯系物、酮类、氯代烷烃、氯代苯类、酯类等7大类共67种VOCs化合物; A、B、H厂生产车间/废气排放口最高检出物和检出浓度分别为:2-丁酮6.73 mg·m-3/2-甲基己烷5.93 mg·m-3、乙酸乙酯8.90 mg·m-3/丙烷9.64 mg·m-3、丙烷2.04 mg·m-3/丙烷1.69 mg·m-3. 苯、甲苯、二甲苯检出率均为100%,三厂各点位最高检出浓度/平均浓度分别为0.077 mg·m-3/0.035 mg·m-3、0.56 mg·m-3/0.31 mg·m-3、0.21 mg·m-3/0.12 mg·m-3(间+对-二甲苯)和0.081 mg·m-3/0.050 mg·m-3(邻-二甲苯). 源成分谱和PCA分析结果表明,A、B厂的VOCs特征轮廓图谱较相似,特征化合物为苯、甲苯、二甲苯以及丙酮和2-丁酮; H厂主要特征污染物除三苯外,还有氯苯和氯代烷烃类化合物. 结合原辅材料及生产工艺分析,溶剂、涂料使用和工艺过程的逸散是生产车间面源VOCs排放的主要来源,废气排放口是VOCs重点排放点源. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emission were sampled and analyzed from three printed circuit board (PCB) factories in an industrial area in Shanghai. VOCs concentrations, compositions and source profiles were investigated. In September and December, the highest concentration of VOCs from manufacturing spaces in factory A, B and H were (2.94/2.01)×10-9, (3.18/1.11)×10-6, (0.70/0.18)×10-9, respectively; while for the VOCs from the vent of waste gases, they were (0.86/0.90)×10-9, (31.2/12.0)×10-6, (1.24/0.30)×10-9, respectively. Factory A total of 67 VOCs compounds of seven classes were detected, such as alkanes and its chlorine substitutes, alkene and its chlorine substitutes, benzene and its chlorine substitutes, ketone group, as well as ester. The highest concentrations in workshop/vent in A, B and H factories were 2-butanone 6.73 mg·m-3/2-methyl-n-hexane 5.93 mg·m-3, ethyl acetate 8.90 mg·m-3/propane 9.64 mg·m-3, and propone 2.04 mg·m-3/propone 1.69 mg·m-3, respectively. With 100% detection rate, the highest and average concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene of all sampling sites were 0.077 mg·m-3/0.035 mg·m-3, 0.56 mg·m-3/0.31 mg·m-3, 0.21 mg·m-3/0.12 mg·m-3(m-xylene+p-xylene)and 0.081 mg·m-3/0.050 mg·m-3(o-xylene), respectively. According to the results of source profiles and PCA analysis, benzene, toluene, xylene, acetone and 2-butanone could be defined as the molecular markers for A and B factories. For factory H, molecular markers were alkanes chlorine substitutes and alkene chlorine substitutes, as well as benzene and its chlorine substitutes. Non-point source was located in the workshops and the production lines. Point source pollution of VOCs was from the vent of waste gases. |
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