| 湘西花垣矿区土壤重金属污染及其生物有效性 |
| 摘要点击 3423 全文点击 1403 投稿时间：2011-08-06 修订日期：2011-10-13 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属污染 生物有效性 锰矿 铅锌矿 湘西 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metal contamination bioavailability Manganese mine Lead/Zinc mine Xiangxi |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以花垣矿区4个锰矿点、 5个铅锌矿点为现场,对湘西花垣矿区的土壤重金属总量及有效态含量进行了测定,采用污染指数法对矿区土壤重金属污染状况进行了评价,在此基础上,结合主成分分析和线性回归分析等统计学方法,探讨了该矿区重金属污染的主要因子,重金属有效态含量与其对应总量的关系.结果表明:1两矿区土壤Mn、Pb、Cd含量较高,分别为湖南省土壤背景值的8.7、 21.5和2.9倍,且大多数土样Pb、Cd含量超过国家土壤环境质量三级标准,对矿区土壤造成污染.2重金属污染评价结果显示,目前两矿区土壤受到轻度的Pb污染,中-重度Cd污染.综合污染指数显示锰矿区为轻-中度污染; 铅锌矿区为中-重度污染.3两矿区土壤中Pb、Cd有效态含量相对较高,占总量的比例>10%,且DTPA提取态Mn、Pb、Zn、Cd含量与其总量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01).主成分分析结果显示,Mn、Pb、Zn、Cd和DTPA-Mn、DTPA-Pb、DTPA-Zn、DTPA-Cd 是导致花垣两矿区重金属污染的主要因子.因此,应采取一定措施对矿区土壤重金属污染进行治理. |
| 英文摘要 |
| An extensive sampling was conducted from 4 Manganese mine sites and 5 Lead/Zinc mine sites in Huayuan, Xiangxi. The total and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic (DTPA)-extractable heavy metal (Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) concentrations were determined and the heavy metal contamination of mine soils was assessed with pollution index. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the key parameters and a simple linear regression was employed to evaluate the relationships between the total and DTPA-extractable heavy metals. The results showed the following: 1 The mine soils were characterized by elevated levels of Mn, Pb and Cd in terms of Hunan soil background concentrations, being 8.7, 21.5 and 2.9 times of their local soil background values, respectively. According to China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995), most Pb and Cd exceeded the threshold values of Class Ⅲ. 2 Pollution index showed the mine soil was slightly polluted by Pb and moderately to severely polluted by Cd. Comprehensive pollution index indicated slight to moderate pollution for Manganese mine and moderate to severe pollution for Lead/Zinc mine, respectively. 3 The DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations were relatively high in Manganese and Lead/zinc mine soils and their fractions in comparison to the total metal concentrations exceeded 10%. A significant positive correlation was observed between DTPA-extractable and total concentrations of soil Mn, Pb, Zn and Cd (P<0.01). The principal component analysis showed the total and DTPA-extractable Mn, Pb, Zn and Cd were the key factors resulting heavy metal contamination of mine soils. Therefore, various protective measures should be taken to avoid heavy metal contamination. |
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