| 青岛市大气PM2.5元素组成及来源研究 |
| 摘要点击 4081 全文点击 2179 投稿时间：2011-07-24 修订日期：2011-09-09 |
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| 中文关键词 PM2.5 元素 气团 富集因子 气象因子 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 trace elements air mass enrichment factor meteorological factors |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用2007年5月~2008年5月气溶胶观测资料和逐日天气资料,分析了青岛市2.5 μm气溶胶粒子(PM2.5)浓度特征、元素组成和来源.结果表明,青岛市PM2.5和PM10年均浓度分别为86.6 μg·m-3和120 μg·m-3. PM2.5浓度采暖季高于非采暖季,夏季最低. PM2.5浓度在荒漠和人为共同影响下的气团中最高,在海洋影响气团中最低. PM2.5和PM10的主要组成元素是S、Ca、Cl、K和Fe,主要污染元素集中在PM2.5中; PM2.5中Cl、K、Zn、Br和Pb浓度采暖季较大,夏季较小,Ca元素变化趋势则相反. V、Cr、Cu、As、Se、Sr和Zr的浓度受不同来源气团影响不显著,S、Cl、K、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Br、Pb和Ca的浓度在不同来源气团下存在较大差异.降水对S、K、Pb和Fe质量浓度的影响最为明显.富集因子分析表明,所有元素在PM2.5中的富集因子普遍大于PM10,青岛市非地壳来源的元素在PM2.5中所占比例大于PM10. Ca元素富集因子夏季较大,可能受到建筑尘影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Atmospheric aerosol collected from May, 2007 to May, 2008 and daily meteorological data were used to investigate the concentration levels, element compositions and source of PM2.5 aerosols in Qingdao. The results showed that concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 86.6 μg·m-3 and 120 μg·m-3 respectively. The PM2.5 concentration in heating season was markedly higher than that in non-heating season. The PM2.5 concentration in summer was lower than that in other seasons. PM2.5 concentration showed the lowest value in the air mass affected by the sea while it was the highest in the air mass affected both by desert and anthropogenic activities. The main chemical elements of PM2.5 and PM10 were S, Ca, Cl, K and Fe. The main polluted elements were concentrated in PM2.5. Concentrations of Cl, K, Zn, Br and Pb of PM2.5 were higher in heating season and lower in summer while Ca showed opposite properties. Different air masses had a little influence on the concentration of V, Cr, Cu, As, Se, Sr and Zr. Concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, Pb and Ca in different air masses were different. The precipitation significantly cleaned up concentrations of S, K, Pb and Fe. The enrichment factors of all elements in PM2.5 were higher than those in PM10 which means that the proportion of rare earth elements in PM2.5 was larger than PM10. The enrichment factor of Ca was higher in summer which may be due to the construction dust. |
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