| 基于人体健康风险的水污染事件污染物安全阈值研究 |
| 摘要点击 2552 全文点击 1764 修订日期：2011-06-23 |
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| 中文关键词 水污染事件 污染物 急性暴露 安全阈值 饮用水 |
| 英文关键词 water pollution accident contaminant acute human health risk safety values drinking water |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 水污染事件急性人体健康风险评估是环境科学的一个新兴研究领域.在简要介绍污染物急性风险评估方法的基础上,建立了水污染事件特征污染物安全阈值的计算模型.根据水污染事件特征污染物安全阈值计算方法,对我国2000~2010年间发生的主要水污染事件特征污染物的急性暴露安全阈值进行研究.结果表明不同水污染事件特征污染物的急性暴露安全阈值:氰化钠、镉、甲醛、氨氮、甲苯、硝基苯、微囊藻毒素-LR分别为0.1、0.6、8、20、6、0.07、0.004 mg·L-1.比较了急慢性安全阈值计算方法,其差异性在于污染物毒理学范围不同、饮用水暴露比例不同、暴露敏感人群不同. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The acute human health risk assessment of contaminant in water pollution accident is a new study field of environmental sciences. This study established a model for calculating acute safety value of contaminant in water pollutant. The acute safety value of contaminant in mainly water pollution during 2000-2010 was calculated by this model. The safety value of sodium cyanide, cadmium, formaldehyde, ammonia, toluene, nitrobenzene, microcystin-LR were 0.1, 0.6, 8, 20, 6, 0.07, 0.004 mg·L-1, respectively. The differences of safety value calculate methods between acute and chronic exposure were compared from the following aspects, the toxicology exposure end-point, allocation of intake, exposure sensitive subpopulation. |
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