| 洛阳市不同功能区道路灰尘重金属污染及潜在生态风险 |
| 摘要点击 3202 全文点击 1598 修订日期：2011-05-27 |
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| 中文关键词 风险评价 重金属 灰尘 功能区 潜在生态危害 |
| 英文关键词 risk assessment heavy metals dust functional zone potential ecological risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以洛阳市为例,调查了工业区、商业区、居民区、城乡结合处、城市绿地和城市主干道等6个功能区道路灰尘中重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd)含量,并采用Håkanson潜在生态危害指数评价重金属污染水平及其潜在风险.结果表明,洛阳市各功能区道路灰尘重金属含量均显著高出河南省土壤重金属环境背景值,平均含量依次为Zn (1019.75 mg·kg-1)>Cr (401.63 mg·kg-1)>Cu (240.94 mg·kg-1)>Pb (176.04 mg·kg-1)>Cd (2.33 mg·kg-1).在所有功能区,Cd均是污染最重的重金属,平均污染系数Cif高达35.84,之后依次是Zn (16.32)>Cu (12.05)>Pb (7.90)>Cr (6.36).各功能区道路灰尘中的重金属含量和污染水平存在较大差异,工业区的重金属总量最高、污染最重.不同功能区灰尘重金属综合潜在生态危害指数RI依次为工业区(1709.51)>城市绿地(1581.50)>商业区(1297.45)>居民区(1111.25)>城市主干道(889.97)>城乡结合部(641.39),且均已达到很强生态危害水平.产生潜在生态危害的重金属主要是Cd,在所有功能区均超出极强生态危害水平,其潜在生态危害指数Eir平均值达1075.16,其次是Cu (60.23) 和 Pb (40.77),平均达中等生态危害水平,而 Zn (16.32)和 Cr (12.71)则为轻微生态危害水平.减少工业污染和交通污染可能是有效降低道路灰尘中重金属污染和风险的主要措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd) in street dusts were investigated in six different functional zones of Luoyang City, i.e., urban-rural continuum, urban artery, industrial district, urban green space, residential district, and business district. The pollution levels and potential ecological risk of heavy metals were assessed by the methods of potential ecological risk index suggested by Håkanson. The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in street dusts from different functional zones of Luoyang City were all higher than soil background values in Henan, with average concentrations of Zn (1019.75 mg·kg-1)>Cr (401.63 mg·kg-1)>Cu (240.94 mg·kg-1)>Pb (176.04 mg·kg-1)>Cd (2.33 mg·kg-1). Cd was the most seriously polluted metal in all functional zones, and the average pollution index (Cif) reached 35.84, following by Zn (16.32)>Cu (12.05)>Pb (7.90)>Cr (6.36). Heavy metal concentrations and pollution levels varied greatly in different functional zones, and industrial zone had the highest total contents and the heaviest pollution. The integrated potential ecological risk index (RI) in different functional zones all reached very strong levels, with an order of industrial district (1709.51)>urban green space (1581.50)>business district (1297.45)>residential district (1111.25)>urban artery (889.97)>urban-rural continuum (641.39). Among the surveyed heavy metals, Cd accounted for the major potential ecological risk, and the average potential ecological risk index (Eir) reached 1075.16 (extremely strong risk level) in all six functional zones. The average Eir of Cu and Pb reached 60.23 and 40.77 respectively, belonging to moderate risk level, while Zn (16.32) and Cr (12.71) only reached slight risk level. A reduction in industrial and traffic pollution might be the key measure to decrease the heavy metal pollution and potential risk in street dusts. |
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