| 改性壳聚糖季铵盐的研制及其对高氯酸盐的吸附研究 |
| 摘要点击 1285 全文点击 1836 投稿时间：2010-10-25 修订日期：2011-03-07 |
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| 中文关键词 改性壳聚糖季铵盐 高氯酸盐 吸附 再生 |
| 英文关键词 cross-linked quaternary chitosan salt perchlorate adsorption regeneration |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过将壳聚糖季铵盐改性以实现固定化，并用于水体中ClO-4的吸附去除，研究了改性过程相关工艺参数对产物吸附能力的影响，考察了产物的吸附和再生性能.结果表明，戊二醛的交联性能优于甲醛和环氧氯丙烷的交联性能，戊二醛的最佳投加量为6.82%，最佳的反应温度为45℃，pH值在3～12之间交联反应均能很好地进行，从而实现壳聚糖季铵盐的固定化；傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明，交联反应主要发生在戊二醛的—CO基团与壳聚糖季铵盐上部分含氮基团之间；交联壳聚糖季铵盐的pHpzc约为10.6，有利于阴离子的吸附；交联壳聚糖季铵盐对ClO-4表现出了较高的吸附能力，当初始ClO-4浓度从5 mg/L增加到200 mg/L时，平衡吸附量从12.321 mg/g增加到117.819 mg/g；较低浓度的NaCl溶液可实现吸附剂的有效再生，当NaCl的质量分数>0.3%时，再生率接近100%.交联壳聚糖季铵盐为有效地去除水体中的ClO-4提供了新方法. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Cross-linked quaternary chitosan salt was prepared and used to adsorb perchlorate from water. Parameters of cross-linking agent, temperature and pH were investigated to optimize the reaction conditions. The adsorption and regeneration ability of the adsorbent were also conducted. Quaternary chitosan salt could be fixed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde using ethanol as dispersant. The optimal glutaraldehyde dosage and temperature were 6.82% and 45℃, respectively. The cross-linked reaction was independent of pH with the range from 3 to 12. Quaternary chitosan salt was cross-linked mainly through the reaction between the methyl groups of ammonium on quaternary chitosan salt and the —CO groups on glutaraldehyde. The optimal pHzpc of the adsorbent was about 10.6. The adsorbent showed high efficiency for perchlorate removal, and the adsorption capacity varied from 12.321 mg/g to 117.819 mg/g with the ClO-4 concentration range from 5 mg/L to 200 mg/L. The spent adsorbents could be effectively regenerated by NaCl brine with the concentration more than 0.3%. The results suggest that the cross-linked chitosan quaternary ammonium salt would be a promising method for perchlorate removal from water. |
