| 焦化厂多环芳烃污染土壤的强化微生物修复研究 |
| 摘要点击 3365 全文点击 3184 投稿时间：2010-03-26 修订日期：2010-05-25 |
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| 中文关键词 焦化厂 多环芳烃污染土壤 多环芳烃降解菌 微生物降解 强化微生物修复 |
| 英文关键词 coking plant PAHs contaminated soil PAHs degrading bacteria biodegradation enhanced bioremediation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 从北京焦化厂采集了多个多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤样品,目的是从中分离出PAHs降解菌并确定其适宜的生存条件,进行富集培养后,应用于焦化厂污染土壤的强化微生物修复.分别以美国EPA优先控制的16种PAHs中的一种为唯一碳源,采用平板划线法对降解菌进行分离并通过基因分析方法确定其种属,共获得7种PAHs降解菌,这些菌混合在一起,在适当的浓度条件下,可对16种2～6环的PAHs进行降解.在液体培养基中16种PAHs总浓度(PAH16)为17 μg/mL时,单一菌即可生长良好且具有降解活性,但当PAH16为166 μg/mL时,不论是单一菌还是混合菌(7种PAHs降解菌),其生长和活性均受到抑制.针对北京焦化厂污染土壤,设计了5组处理,即对照(C)、添加营养物(N)、添加营养物和降解菌(N+B)、添加营养物和表面活性剂(N+S)、以及添加营养物、降解菌和表面活性剂(N+B+S).经过5周的实验,与C组相比,N+B组16种PAHs的去除率平均提高了32%,N+B+S组16种PAHs的去除率平均提高了46%(其中10种4～6环PAHs的去除率平均提高了52%).添加PAHs降解菌和表面活性剂可明显增强土壤中PAHs的降解.本研究为北京焦化厂及其它焦化厂PAHs污染土壤的强化微生物修复提供了依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil samples contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were collected from Beijing Coking Plant.The purposes were to isolate PAHs degrading bacteria from the soils, determine their appropriate living condition, enrich them and apply them in the enhanced bioremediation of the contaminated soils.Using each of the 16 USEPA priority PAHs as the sole carbon source, PAHs degrading bacteria were isolated using the method of plate streaking and identified by genetic analysis.In total seven species of PAHs degrading bacteria were obtained.When mixed, these bacteria could degrade the 16 (2-6 cyclic) PAHs studied at appropriate concentrations.In the liquid medium, when the total concentration of the 16 PAHs (PAH16) was 17 μg/mL, single bacteria could grow well and degrade the PAHs.However, when PAH16 was 166 μg/mL, the growth and activity of either single PAHs degrading bacteria or a mixture of the seven PAHs degrading bacteria were inhibited.Aiming at the contaminated soils from Beijing coking plant, five treatments were performed, i.e., control (C), addition of nutrient (N), addition of nutrient and PAHs degrading bacteria (N+B), addition of nutrient and surfactant (N+S), addition of nutrient and PAHs degrading bacteria and surfactant (N+B+S).After five weeks of experiment, compared to the C treatment, the mean removal rate of the 16 PAHs in the N+B treatment was increased 32%, and the mean removal rate of the 16 PAHs in the N+B+S treatment was increased 46% (the mean removal rate of the 10 4-6 cyclic PAHs was increased 52%).The addition of PAHs degrading bacteria and surfactant could significantly enhance the degradation of PAHs in the soils.This study provides evidence for the enhanced bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soil for Beijing coking plant and other coking plants. |
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