| AnnAGNPS模型在潋水河流域产水、产沙的模拟评价 |
| 摘要点击 1487 全文点击 1862 投稿时间：2009-06-05 修订日期：2009-08-20 |
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| 中文关键词 AnnAGNPS模型 潋水河流域 土壤侵蚀 计算机模拟 |
| 英文关键词 AnnAGNPS Lianshui River watershed soil erosion computer simulation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 日益严重的土壤侵蚀造成了土地退化、水体污染等一系列的环境和生态问题，利用基于过程的数学模型已成为流域土壤侵蚀状况定量评价和控制的有效方法.利用美国农业部开发的流域尺度AnnAGNPS模型，设计了基于地形特征的cell离散方案，在多种地理数据采集和参数化的基础上，对江西兴国潋水河流域1991～2005年的径流、产沙过程进行了分布式计算机模拟.在对产水量进行径流滤波分析的基础上，分别对模型模拟的地表径流和产沙量进行了校正和验证.地表径流模拟结果多年平均相对误差为11.8％，确定性系数R2为0.94，产沙量模拟结果的多年平均相对误差为19.71％，确定性系数R2为0.77.表明AnnAGNPS能较好地模拟潋水流域年、月尺度的地表径流和产沙过程.地下径流模拟结果误差较大，其原因和地下径流模拟模块在潋水流域的适用性有待进一步研究检验.对潋水流域土壤侵蚀定量分析表明，潋水流域的年平均侵蚀模数为1 150.29t·(km2·a)-1，属于轻度侵蚀等级，流域内侵蚀较严重的区域集中分布于居民地附近和公路沿线，其水土流失与人类活动有很大关系. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil erosion has caused a series of environmental and ecological issues, such as land resource degradation and water pollution. It is an effective approach for quantitative evaluation and control of soil erosion by using processes based mathematic models. In this study, the Cell discretization units was extracted and a large number of basic geographical data including Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land use, soil as well as crop management practices, were collected and parameterized. The distributed computer modeling for water yield, sediment yield for the years 1991 to 2005 were carried out in the study area of Lianshui Basin, Xingguo County, Jiangxi province by using the basin scale AnnAGNPS model developed by USDA. The average simulation error and deterministic coefficient (R2) were 11.8% and 0.94 for annual surface flow and 19.71% and 0.77 for annual sediment yield，respectively. The simulation result indicates that the model has an acceptable performance in prediction of surface flow and sediment loading in Lianshui basin. However, the predicted subsurface flow is much less than observed value, and the reason and the applicability for subsurface flow module in Lianshui basin will be further checked up in the future study. The spatial distribution of the sediment yield in the study area was analyzed using the simulation results. The average soil erosion amount is 1 150.29 t·(km2 ·a)-1，which imply that Lianshui basin belongs to slight erosion. The areas nearby residential area and along the roads were the main sources of soil erosion and the soil loss is closely related to human activities. |
