| 模拟酸雨对不同pH值土壤农田系统暗呼吸的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2287 全文点击 1124 投稿时间：2008-11-26 修订日期：2009-03-17 |
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| 中文关键词 酸雨 农田 呼吸速率 水稻土 pH |
| 英文关键词 acid rain cropland respiration rate paddy soil pH |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究酸雨对不同pH值土壤农田系统呼吸的影响, 选择酸性（pH 5.48）、中性（pH 6.70）、碱性（pH 8.18）水稻土, 以冬小麦为实验对象在2005～2007年期间进行了盆栽实验. 种植期间利用雨水T1 (pH 6.0）、T2（离子浓度为T1的2倍, pH 6.0）、T3（离子浓度为T1的2倍, pH 4.4）进行喷淋, 并采用静态暗箱-气相色谱技术测定农田系统暗呼吸速率. 结果表明, 酸雨通过影响农作物的呼吸过程而对农田系统暗呼吸产生影响, 且农田系统可适应酸雨污染. 2005～2006年, 酸雨提高了碱性土壤（S3）农田系统平均暗呼吸速率, S3T3分别比S3T1、S3T2高23.6%、27.6%（p<0.05）, 但对酸性土壤（S1）和中性土壤（S2）农田系统平均暗呼吸速率无显著影响(p＞0.05). 在3～4月, 雨水离子浓度升高可促进酸性土壤农田系统暗呼吸, 雨水pH值降低可抑制酸性土壤农田系统暗呼吸. 结果证实, 在酸雨对农田系统暗呼吸影响过程中, 土壤酸碱性、农作物发挥了重要作用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To evaluate the effects of acid rain on the respiration rate of cropland system, an outdoor pot experiment was conducted with paddy soils of pH 5.48 (S1), pH 6.70 (S2) and pH 8.18 (S3) during the 2005-2007 wheat-growing seasons. The cropland system was exposed to acid rain by spraying the wheat foliage and irrigating the soil with simulated rainwater of T1 (pH 6.0), T2 (pH 6.0, ionic concentration was twice as rainwater T1), and T3 (pH 4.4, ionic concentration was twice as rainwater T1), respectively. The static opaque chamber-gas chromatograph method was used to measure CO2 fluxes from cropland system. The results showed that acid rain affected the respiration rate of cropland system through crop plant, and the cropland system could adapt to acid rain. Acid rainwater significantly increased the average respiration rate in alkaline soil (S3) cropland system, while it had no significant effects on the average respiration rate in neutral soil (S2) and acidic soil (S1) cropland systems. During 2005-2006, after the alkaline soil cropland system was treated with rainwater T3, the average respiration rate was 23.6% and 27.6% higher than that of alkaline soil cropland system treated with rainwater T1 and T2, respectively. During March to April, the respiration rate was enhanced with the increase of rainwater ionic concentration, while it was dropped with the decrease of rainwater pH value in acidic soil cropland system. It was demonstrated that soil pH and crop plant played important roles on the respiration rate of cropland system. |
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