| 黄河湿地孟津段水体及沉积物中有机氯农药的分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 2318 全文点击 2398 投稿时间：2008-07-15 修订日期：2008-12-07 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 有机氯农药 表层水体 沉积物 分布特征 气相色谱 |
| 英文关键词 organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) surface water surface sediments distribution characteristics gas chromatography |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 采集了黄河湿地孟津段滩区表层水体和沉积物样品，采用C18固相萃取柱和索氏提取分离富集、气相色谱-电子捕获（GC-ECD）检测、气相色谱仪-质谱（GC-MS）确证的方法对样品中20种有机氯农药进行分析和研究.结果表明，研究区表层水体中有α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、4,4-DDT、七氯和艾氏剂等7种有机氯农药被检出，检出率为4.2%～62.5%，总含量为ND～12.21 ng/L；沉积物中只有4,4-DDE和4,4-DDT 2种组分被检出，检出率为50％～75％，总含量为ND～64.58 ng/g.表层水体中∑HCHs和∑DDTs含量均未超标，但表层沉积物中有机氯农药存在一定的生态风险.组分分布特征表明，有机氯农药各组分在湿地水体-沉积物的迁移过程中，HCHs在水体中含有较高的比例，沉积物则是DDTs的最终归宿.表层水体及沉积物中有机氯农药的含量具有明显的季节性，从高到低依次为：丰水期＞平水期＞枯水期.源解析的结果表明，表层水体中，HCHs可能主要来源于环境中的早期残留，丰水期可能有林丹的近期输入或附近有林丹的使用；沉积物中，枯水期有机氯农药的污染主要源自环境中的早期残留，而平水期和丰水期则可能有新的污染源输入.总体研究结果表明该区域有机氯农药的来源具有面源污染特征. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The surface water and sediments from the Mengjin wetland were collected. After seperated and concentrated by solid phase extraction and Soxhlet extraction, twenty kinds of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the samples from the Mengjin wetland were analyzed by gas chromatography. In the surface water, 7 kinds of OCPs (incluing α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, 4,4-DDT, heptachor and aldrin) were detected, with the detected ratio of 4.2%-62.5% and the content range of ND-12.21 ng/L. In the sediments, 4,4-DDE and 4,4-DDT were detected, with the detected ratio of 50％-75％ and the content range of ND-64.58 ng/g. HCHs and DDTs in the surface water were both lower than the limited value defined by Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water in China, while the surface sediments in the Mengjin wetland pose a bit high risk comparing with ERL and ERM value of risk evaluation. Distribution characteristics of OCPs components showed that HCHs usually had higher residue levels in surface water, while sediment was the fate of DDTs in the transfer process of materials from water to sediment. OCPs content in the surface water and sediments both decreased in the order of high water period > level water period > low water period. OCPs in the low water seasons were mainly the early residue, but OCPs in the high seasons had some new input in near term in the surface water and sediments. The results suggested that non-point source was one of the important sources of OCPs entering Mengjin wetland. |
|
|
|
