| 废弃线路板重金属浸出毒性方法的比较研究 |
| 摘要点击 2451 全文点击 1165 投稿时间：2008-06-16 修订日期：2008-08-20 |
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| 中文关键词 废弃线路板 浸出毒性 重金属 TCLP |
| 英文关键词 printed circuit boards (PCBs) leaching characteristic identification heavy metal TCLP |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 使用4种毒性浸出方法［中国的GB 5086.1-1997，GB 5086.2-1997，美国的1311 (TCLP)、 1312 (SPLP)］综合评价废弃线路板的重金属浸出毒性，并依此选择一种适合评价废弃线路板重金属生态危害的方法.结果表明，这4种方法中，使用TCLP方法浸出液的重金属 (Cu、Pb、Ni、Mn、Zn和Fe) 浓度均超过其他3种方法，且浸出液中Pb的浓度超过相应的标准数倍，因此废弃线路板属于危险废弃物；而使用我国现有的浸出实验方法，浸出液的重金属浸出量低，实验条件与实际的环境条件相差大，对危险废物的控制不利，而使用TCLP方法可以较好地评价废弃线路板重金属浸出毒性；浸出液中这6种重金属浓度随着浸出液的初始 pH 值降低和废弃线路板粉末粒径的减小而增大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the hazardous of heavy metals of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) by using four kinds of methods (GB 5086.1-1997，GB 5086.2-1997 from China and 1311 (TCLP)， 1312 (SPLP) from USA)，and the four kinds of methods are compared to choose a better way to identify toxicity characteristics of waste PCBs.The results show that the leaching concentrations of heavy metals (Cu，Pb，Ni，Mn，Zn and Fe) in the leachate after TCLP are much higher than that after the other three kinds of methods，the concentration of Pb is over the standards，so the waste PCBs may be the hazardous solid waste，the TCLP could be the appropriate way to assess the heavy metals hazardous characteristics of waste PCBs.The leaching concentrations by the leaching methods used in China are relatively lower，which could be disadvantageous to control the hazardous wastes.The initial pH and particle size of waste PCBs have great effect on the leachability of heavy metals from waste PCBs. |
