| 重金属Cu2+、Cd2+及氯氰菊酯对不同施肥模式土壤微生物功能多样性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1948 全文点击 1027 投稿时间：2007-11-19 修订日期：2008-01-22 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 施肥模式 Biolog 碳源利用 有机质 |
| 英文关键词 fertilization mode Biolog carbon source utilization soil organic matter |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 通过研究外源污染物在不同施肥模式土壤中的生物有效性，可为预测、降低污染物的生态环境效应提供理论依据.以3种不同施肥模式的土壤为材料［连续16 a：不施肥(CK)、施用腐熟豆饼+秸秆(OM)和施用NPK化肥(NPK)］，利用Biolog方法研究了Cu2+(100 mg/kg)、Cd2+(5 mg/kg)、氯氰菊酯(10 mg/kg)单一及复合污染对微生物功能多样性的影响.结果发现，NPK土壤微生物功能多样性最高，培养72 h，其AWCD值(平均吸光值)约为CK的1.19倍，OM的1.62倍.污染物加入后，3种土壤微生物功能多样性出现了不同的响应，NPK土壤下降最大，其次是CK，OM最小.氯氰菊酯与Cd复合污染对微生物功能多样性影响最大，在NPK土壤中AWCD下降了48%，6类碳源的利用能力、Shannon 指数、Simpson 指数和McIntosh 指数均显著降低.尽管氯氰菊酯对3种土壤微生物的碳源利用影响不大，但与重金属，尤其是Cd2+复合污染时，对微生物碳源利用的抑制明显加剧.Cu2+、Cd2+及氯氰菊酯对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响程度，除与土壤有机质含量有关外，可能还取决于有机质的组成和微生物的种群结构. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Determination the bioavailability of contaminants in different fertilizer management soils can be of great theoretical significance for predicting and decreasing the effect of pollutants on eco-environment.In this study，three different fertilization soils were employed in a 16-year field experiment：no fertilization (CK)，composted wheat straw and oil cakes (OM) and NPK fertilizer (NPK).The influences of Cu2+(100 mg/kg)，Cd2+(5 mg/kg) and cypermethrin(10 mg/kg) and their combinations on microbial functional diversity were observed in different fertilization soils.The results showed that the highest microbial functional diversity was observed in the NPK treatment，followed by CK，and the lowest in the OM soil.At 72 h incubation，AWCD (average well color development) of the NPK soil was 1.19 times than that of the CK soil and 1.62 times than that of the OM soil.After addition of contaminants into soils，microbial functional diversity decreased to a different extent.The greatest decrease extent was recorded in the NPK soil，followed by CK and the least in OM.Combination of Cd and cypermethrin had the biggest influence on the microbial functional diversity.AWCD was decreased by 48%，six substrate groups and microbial diversity indices inhibited significantly in this treatment of the NPK soil.Although cypermethrin had little effect on soil microbial utilization of carbon source，utilization potential decreased greatly in combination pollution treatments，especially in combination with Cd2+.The effect of Cu2+，Cd2+ and cypermethrin and their combinations on soil microbes not only affected by the soil organic matter content，likely also by the constitution of organic matter and microbial community. |
