| 电镀厂下游水体中重金属的分布特征及其风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2633 全文点击 1698 投稿时间：2007-09-18 修订日期：2007-12-19 |
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| 中文关键词 电镀厂 重金属 地表水 地下水 分布特征 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 electroplating factory heavy metals surface water groundwater distribution characteristics risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以苏南某电镀厂下游地表水和浅层地下水为研究对象，探讨电镀厂废水对其造成的影响，采用ICP-AES分析了地表水与地下水样品中重金属Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu和Ni的含量.结果表明，电镀厂向河流中排放Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu和Ni等酸性污染物，浓度分别达到1.34、 3.77、 28.1、 6.40和9.37 mg·L-1，pH为2.32，除Zn外皆超过国家污水综合排放标准，是构成下游河流中重金属沿程分布的主要原因.重金属在井水中的分布特征，未能说明其受到河水重金属的影响，表明重金属在土壤中迁移率较低.风险评价结果显示，地表水水质明显下降，河水中Ni和Mn超标严重，Cr和Cu也有部分样点不同程度地超过Ⅲ类标准限值.以14口井水为地下水中，除Mn元素有4个样点属于Ⅳ类地下水之外，其它重金属皆达到生活饮用水标准. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Surface water and shallow groundwater within the flow of an electroplating factory was analyzed in order to study the resulting impact. The analysis method of ICP-AES was used to analyze content of zinc, manganese, chromium, copper and nickel in surface water and groundwater samples. The results indicate acidic pollutants of zinc, manganese, chromium, copper and nickel were discharged from the factory with concentrations of 1.34, 3.77, 28.1, 6.40 and 9.37 mg·L-1, respectively; and pH was 2.32. They all exceeded permissible levels according to Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard except zinc. Factory discharge is responsible for the longitudinal distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the stream water downstream from the factory. Heavy metals variations in the well water do not suggest they were affected by heavy metals in the stream, indicating that the migration rates of heavy metals in soils were relatively low. Risk assessment shows surface water quality significantly deteriorated. Nickel and manganese in the stream water exceeded the standard levels seriously, and chromium and copper in some samples were also above Grade Ⅲ standard levels according to Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. Moreover, all studied heavy metals in 14 groundwater samples measured within drinking water standard, except manganese in 4 groundwater samples, which were Grade Ⅳ according to Quality Standard for Ground water. |
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