| 中国区域土壤表观氮磷平衡清单及政策建议 |
| 摘要点击 2053 全文点击 2155 投稿时间：2006-06-17 修订日期：2006-09-27 |
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| 中文关键词 表观氮磷平衡 清单 种植 养殖 氮磷输入 氮磷输出 |
| 英文关键词 surface nutrient balance inventory farming livestock production nutrient input nutrient output |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用OECD表观氮平衡模型框架，建立了中国表观氮磷平衡核算的框架、方法和数据库.模型结果表明，2003年中国土壤表观氮磷盈余总量分别为640×104 t和98×104 t，氮磷盈余强度分别为16.56 kg/hm2和2.53 kg/hm2.由于中国氮磷平衡区域分布严重不平衡，面临着氮磷盈余管理和氮磷缺损管理的双重压力.化肥和畜禽粪便是中国土壤氮磷投入最主要的来源，因此是中国氮磷盈余管理最佳切入点.由于各地氮磷投入结构各异，在氮磷盈余严重的中东部地区，不宜采用“一刀切”的政策，而应针对不同地区氮磷输入的特点进行氮磷盈余管理. |
| 英文摘要 |
| By applying OECD surface soil nitrogen balance methodology, the framework, methodology and database for nutrient balance budget in China are established to evaluate the impact of nutrient balance on agricultural production and water environment. Results show that nitrogen and phosphorus surplus in China are 640×104 t and 98×104 t respectively, and nitrogen and phosphorus surplus intensity in China are 16.56 kg/hm2 and 2.53 kg/hm2 respectively. Because of striking spatial difference of nutrient balance across the country, China is seeing a dual-challenge of nutrient surplus management as well as nutrient deficit management. Chemical fertilizer and livestock manure are best targets to perform nutrient surplus management due to their marked contributions to nutrient input. However, it is not cost-effective to implement a uniform management for all regions since nutrient input structures of them vary considerably. |
